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Plant Parasitic Nematodes And Entomopathogenic Nematodes (ENP's) Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!! $11.49   Add to cart
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Plant Parasitic Nematodes And Entomopathogenic Nematodes (ENP's) Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!
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Plant Parasitic Nematodes And Entomopathogenic Nematodes (ENP's) Questions And Answers With Verified Solutions Already Passed!!!

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  • August 8, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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Plant Parasitic Nematodes And
Entomopathogenic Nematodes (ENP's)
Questions And Answers With Verified
Solutions Already Passed!!!
Entomopathogenic Nematodes - ANSWER✔✔ Also called EPN's
- nematodes that quickly kill their insect host
- closer to parasitoids than classic parasites


Two Main Genera
Steinernema and Heterorhabditis
- EPN's with an obligate bacterial mutualism
- food source and helps subdue host in some cases
- effective bio control of insects with a soil stage
- these two are not closely related
-evolved independently


EPN bacteria symbiosis - ANSWER✔✔ different for every genera


Heterorhabditis - Photorhabdus


Stinernema - Xenorhabdus


Function of bacteria - ANSWER✔✔ - suppress immune system of host via protein
secretions

, - are delivered into the insect host
- nematode finds and penetrates host
- hemolin of insect causes this to happen
- *produce protein toxins that kill host in 24-48 hours*
- nametode proteins are also toxic
- digest insect cadaver with protease and lipases
- produce antibodies that reduce growth of other contaminating microflora which
is weird
- they arent suceptible to these tho
- produce pigments or even light (bioluminescence)


- provides food for itself mostly, but nematode gets some
- hosts (insects) may change color when infected
- in infected waxworms can see the bioluminescent bacteria


Heterorhabditis - ANSWER✔✔ - have Photorhabdus bacteria
- hermaphroditic nematodes
- no pouch, keeps them in their intestine
- bacteria adhere to nematode intestinal surface
- cuticular tooth in J3 stage to penetrate the insect
- may penetrate the cuticle even


Steinernema - ANSWER✔✔ - have Xenorhabdus bacteria
- seperate sexes
- has intestinal pouch for bacteria

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