Forensics Final Exam
What are six questions that can be answered by bones? - ANSsex, age, height, ancestry,
weight, genetic diseases
How are striations (internal ballistics) created? - ANSthe rifling inside the gun leaves marks on
the bullet as it leaves the chamber
How can clothing show that someone has fired a gun? - ANSgun powder residue can be left on
the clothes
what types of insects invade a decaying body? - ANSblowfly, maggots, flesh flies, beetles, and
necrophages
How can a forensic entomologist tell the time of death? - ANSbased on the stage of larval laid
by the blowflies
What are five things that can be determined from a single hair? - ANSrace, DNA, drug test,
animal or human, disease
Who was the first person to classify fingerprints? - ANSSir Francis Galton
What are the seven basic fingerprint patterns? - ANSplain arch, tented arch, loop, ulnar loop,
radial loop, whorls, plain whorls
Why is super glue sometimes used to find prints? - ANSit sticks to the fingerprints on surfaces
like cans so that they can be seen
What four components are needed to superglue fume fingerprints? - ANSsuper glue, aluminum
foil, low level heat source, fuming chamber
What is done in bite mark analysis? - ANSa cast is made and dental records are compared to
cast
Name ten things done in an autopsy - ANS1) outside of body is examined 2) Y-incision 3)
remove organs 4) weigh organs 5) examine organ content 6) get samples of all of the organs 7)
blood tests and toxicology 8) brain is removed 9) tissue samples taken 10) put all of the organs
back and sew the body up
Describe the six stages of decay that a body undergoes after death - ANS1: fresh stage- (1-2
days) commences at moment of death and ends when bloating is first evident
, 2: bloated stage- (2-6 days) putrefaction begins, gasses build up
3: Decay stage- (5-11 days) begins when abdominal wall is broken, carcass assumes blacked,
wet appearance, maggots remove flesh
4: Post-decay stage- (10-25 days) remains consist of dry skin, cartilage, and bones, in wet
habitats, viscous material remains.
5:Dry-stage-(25+ days) mainly bones and hair, odor is gone
How might DNA fingerprinting be helpful in solving a crime? - ANSCan be used to compare
suspects fingerprints, helps identify who was there; especially useful if fingerprint is extra unique
due to scarring or extra fingers
Describe the collect collection technique at a crime scene for each of these:
a. blood stains
b. seminal stains
c. hair
d. fibers and threads
e. firearms evidence
f. latent fingerprints - ANSa. blood stains- take picture and collect with gauze if wet and pick up
object if dried
b. seminal stains- you can take a swab or allow to dry and package object it is found on
c. hair- sticky tape, lint roller, evidence vacuum
d. fibers and threads- use clean forceps, fold fiber into small sheet of paper, store in paper bag
e. firearms evidence- photograph, grab any shell casings and disarm guns, cut out any surface
containing bullet
f. latent fingerprints- dusting, iodine fuming, ninhyrdrin, silver nitrate, and superglue
What types of cells can be observed under the microscope? - ANSall living cells can be
observed under a microscope
What are the four steps in DNA processing? - ANSextract, amplify, separate, and analyze
What is a DNA profile? - ANSthe determination of an individual's DNA characteristics
What is forensic toxicology? - ANSThe evaluation of drugs or substances to solve crimes
What are the three fluids collected from the body? - ANSblood, saliva, and vitreous humor