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Concept 19: Gas Exchange with complete solution
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Concept 19: Gas Exchange with complete solution
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Concept 19: Gas ExchangeDescribe what is Gas Exchange - correct answer ✔✔Process by which oxygen is transported to cells and
carbon dioxide is transported from cells
*requires interaction among the neurologic, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems
Ischemia - correct answer ✔✔insufficient flow of oxygenated blood to tissues
Hypoxia - correct answer ✔✔insufficient oxygen reaching cells
Anoxia - correct answer ✔✔total lack of oxygen in body tissues
Hypoxemia - correct answer ✔✔reduced oxygenation of arterial blood
Describe the scope of Gas Exchange from which it ranges from - correct answer ✔✔Impaired gas
exchange -----------> Optimal gas exchange
Describe the process of gas exchange - correct answer ✔✔Atmosphere (21% O2)
Medulla
Diaphragm contracts
Nose
Trachea
Bronchi
Alveoli
Pulmonary capillaries with hemoglobin to carry oxygen
Perfusion to transport hemoglobin to cells
Cell metabolism
, Perfusion to transport hemoglobin from cells
Pulmonary capillaries with hemoglobin carrying CO2
Alveoli
Bronchi
Trachea
Nose
Diaphragm Relaxes
Atmosphere
Describe ventilation of gas exchange - correct answer ✔✔Process of inhaling oxygen into the lungs and
exhaling CO2 from the lungs
• Impaired ventilation may occur through:
□ Inadequate bone, muscle, or nerve function to move air into the lungs
□ Narrowed airways from bronchoconstriction or from obstruction
□ Poor gas diffusion in the alveoli
Describe transport of gas exchange - correct answer ✔✔Availability of hemoglobin and its ability to carry
oxygen from alveoli to cells for metabolism and to carry CO2
• Altered transport of O2 occurs:
- Insufficient number or quality of erythrocytes is available
-Amount of hemoglobin is the blood is low
-Destruction of erythrocytes
Explain the consequences of gas exchange - correct answer ✔✔When compromised for any reason, a
reduction or cessation of O2 occurs that affects the cells, triggering a number of physiological problems
depending on the extent of impairment
- Experience fatigue
- Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate may increase
- Reduced mitochondrial respiration and oxidative metabolism
- CO2 build up of acid
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