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CLC exam 2024/2025 Questions With Completed & Verified Solutions.
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CLC exam 2024contraindications for breastfeeding
-HIV positive mother
-Mother is infected with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or type 2 (HTLV-1/2)
-Mother has untreated ebola virus
-Drug abuse by mother
-Infant galactosemia
BF became recognized as a public health priority in the US in what year?
1990
Brainpower
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Nursing a baby for a year or more decreases the risk of hypertension, diabetes,
hyperlipidemia, and cardiovascular disease when postmenopausal by ____%.
10-15%
Women who do NOT BF are at greater risk for these 3 cancers
breast, ovarian, endometrial
UNICEF stands for
United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund
The WHO and UNICEF have set out 3 strategies needed for increasing BF initiation and
duration in every country
breastfeeding protection, breastfeeding promotion, breastfeeding support
Breastfeeding protection focuses on
government, manufacturer and social responsibility to assure breastfeeding's ability to
compete with commercial interests
,Breastfeeding promotion focuses on
advantages of breastfeeding on a personal, community, country or global level
Breastfeeding protection also includes
addressing improper marketing practices as described in "The international code"
In the US, state and local BF legislation addresses BF in public, employment issues,
jury duty, family law, mothers in prison etc. is an example of
breastfeeding protection
Breastfeeding support
focuses on interaction of helpers with family, as well as program development and
implementation.
This forms the basis of the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative
The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding
The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding (critical management procedures)
1a. comply with the International code of marketing of breast-milk substitutes & relevant
world health assembly resolutions
1b. have a written infant feeding policy that is routinely communicated to staff & parents
1c. est. ongoing monitoring & data-management systems
2. ensure that staff have sufficient knowledge, competence, and skills to support BF
The Ten Steps to Successful Breastfeeding (key clinical practices )
3. discuss the importance & mgmt of BF w/ pregnant women and families
4. facilitate immediate STS contact & support mother's to initiate BF as soon as possible
after birth
,5. support mothers to initiate & maintain BF and manage common difficulties
6. do NOT provide breastfed newborns any food or fluids other than breastmilk unless
medically indicated
7. enable mothers & their infants to remain together and practice rooming-in 24 hr/day
8. support mother's to recognize & respond to feeding cues
9. counsel mother's on use & risk of bottles, teats & pacifiers
10. coordinate d/c so families have timely access to ongoing support & care
Highest level of evidence
meta-analysis an systematic review
An international health policy framework to regulate the marketing of breastmilk
substitutes in order to protect breastfeeding, published by the WHO in 1981
The International Code of Marketing of Breastmilk Substitutes (The code)
The code
regulates the marketing of BM substitutes which includes formulas, teats and bottles
The World Breastfeeding Trends Initiative is intended to
track, assess and monitor the implementation of the "Global Strategy" at the country
and sub-country level
How to support exclusive BFing
-expand the baby-friendly hospital initiative
-provide community-based strategies
-strengthen monitoring and enforcement of "the code"
-enact at least 6 months of paid maternity leave
-invest in protection, promotion and support
, _________ levels go down in b/t nursing's and rise during nursing
prolactin
Infrequent nursing leads to lower levels of this hormone even with the same amount of
nipple contact
prolactin
after delivery of the placenta
progesterone goes down and prolactin goes up
Nipple stretching increases this hormone
oxytocin
Nipple stimulation increases this hormone
prolactin
3 mechanisms that can trigger oxytocin
conditioned response (milk ejection reflex), nipple stretching, baby hand massage
Lactogenesis 1 is responsible for
production of colostrum, milk cells starting to develop
the birth of the placenta triggers
lactogenesis 2, a rapid drop in progesterone and transitional milk
lactogenesis 3
galactopoesis, mature milk, prolactin from frequent nipple stimulation (* frequent
removal of milk)
Lactogenesis 3 generally happens around when postpartum
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