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BIOD 101 - EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIOD 101 - EXAM 2 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIOD 101 - EXAM2 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
List
the 7 most widely accepted characteristics of living organisms.: - answer- 1.) Order
2.) Evolutionary Adaptation
3.) Regulation
4.) Energy Processing
5.) Growth and Development
6.) Response to the Environment
7.) Reproduction
What is ORDER? - answer- Highly ordered structures are comprised of the basic unit of
life which is the cell
What is EVOLUTIONARY ADAPTATION? (Give an example) - answer- Smaller genetic
changes that allow for better survival of an organism; an example of evolutionary
adaptation is camouflage, animals that are camouflaged within their given environment
will, theoretically, live longer and will thus reproduce more.
What is REGULATION? (Give an example) - answer- Regulation is the ability of an
organism to handle changes within their internal and external environment so that they
can maintain homeostasis (a state of balance internally that is needed for the body to
survive and function correctly); An example of regulation is when humans shiver to
generate body heat.
What is ENERGY PROCESSING? (Give an example) - answer- When biochemical
reactions are utilized to produce energy (also known as metabolism); an example is
photosynthesis in plants, or when an animal ingests food.
Define GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT: - answer- When a living thing grows, matures,
ages, and experiences death.
, Define RESPONSE TO THE ENVIRONMENT: - answer- When living things respond to
a stimulus within their environment through adaptation.
Define ADAPTATION: (Give an example) - answer- Adaptation is a change or process
that allows an organism to become better suited for their environment; Adaptations can
be physical or behavioral - an example of a physical adaptation is a crab's hard shell, an
example of a behavioral adaptation is when a bear hibernates through the winter.
What is REPRODUCTION? List the two different types of reproduction. - answer-
Reproduction is when a new generation of offspring are produced; the two types of
reproduction are sexual or asexual.
What is SEXUAL REPRODUCTION? - answer- Sexual reproduction involves the fusion
of two gametes (one from each parent) that will unite and grow into a new offspring.
What is ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION? - answer- Asexual reproduction gives rise to
new offspring from a single organism.
What are the levels of BIOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION? - answer- Biological
Organization are successive levels of structure that go broadest to smallest, the levels
are:
- Biosphere
- Ecosystem
- Communities
- Populations
- Organisms
What is the BIOSPHERE? - answer- The biosphere is the broadest level of biological
organization, it encompasses planet earth and the atmosphere; the biosphere is
capable of sustaining living organisms.
What is the ECOSYSTEM? - answer- The ecosystem is a system of living and non-
living things in a region; the ecosystem includes grasslands, forests, deserts, tundras,
savannas, aquatic regions, rainforests, and coral reefs, including the plants, organisms,
soils, and climate conditions.
What are COMMUNITIES? - answer- Communities are all of the collective organisms
living within an ecosystem, including all of the living organisms such as plants, fungi,
grasses, animals, and even microscopic organisms such as bacteria and protista.
What is a POPULATION? - answer- A group of one particular species living within
defined boundaries of a community
What are ORGANISMS? - answer- Individual living things that make up a population.
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