BIO 253 FINAL EXAMS WITH
CORRECT ANSWERS
Organelles are - CORRECT ANSWEROrgans of the Urinary system - CORRECT ANSWER-kidneys,
ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex,
Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nephron -
CORRECT A...
Organs of the Urinary system - CORRECT ANSWER-kidneys,
ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
draw and label a kidney with the following terms: Cortex,
Medulla, Pelvis, renal artery, renal vein, ureter, nephron -
CORRECT ANSWER-
functional unit of the kidney - CORRECT ANSWER-nephron
1 million per kidney!
What parts make up the nephron? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Renal corpuscle
Renal tubule
Glomerulus (capillaries that filter the blood plasma)
Bowman's capsule (surrounds the glomerulus)
Efferent arteriole
loop of henle
What is the glomerulus made of? - CORRECT ANSWER-
capillaries
,Function of a nephron - CORRECT ANSWER-filter blood and
produce urine
Two nephron types - CORRECT ANSWER-juxtamedullary and
cortical
juxtamedullary nephrons - CORRECT ANSWER--Long
nephron loops deeply invade medulla
-Ascending limbs have thick and thin segments
-Important in production of concentrated urine
-found at the boundary of the cortex and medulla
cortical nephrons - CORRECT ANSWER--85% of all nephrons
-short nephron loops
-efferent arterioles branch into peritubular capillaries around
PCT and DCT
How is urine made in the kidney? - CORRECT ANSWER-
1.)Reabsorption - moving substances with tubule into the blood.
2.)filtration - occurs in the glomerulus or renal corpuscle
3.)secretion
4.)filtration
driving force for filtration - CORRECT ANSWER-hydrostatic
pressure or BP
What fluid comes out of the glomerulus? - CORRECT
ANSWER-filtrate
What is filtrate? - CORRECT ANSWER-mostly water,
electrolytes, nutrients, and waste products. Glucose is normal
in filtrate.
-similar to blood plasma
Reabsorption in the Nephron Loop - CORRECT ANSWER-Only
water is absorbed in the descending limb. Na+ chloride is
absorbed in the ascending limb (no water).
, Status of water coming out of nephron loop? - CORRECT
ANSWER-@ Lowest concentration (diluted)
Process taking place in nephron loop? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Countercurrent mechanism (dilutes the urine). Can also create
concentrated urine from the Na+ absorbed in the ascending
limb.
tubular secretion - CORRECT ANSWER--selectively moves
substances from blood to filtrate in renal tubules and collecting
ducts
-From blood to tubular
-Usually in the distal tubule
-K+, H+, Uric acid, Penicillin are secreted
Hormones that regulate kidney function - CORRECT
ANSWER-directly :
ADH
Aldosterone
ANH
indirectly :
Renin (created by kidney)
Angiotensin
Aldosterone function - CORRECT ANSWER--decreases
sodium and water loss in urine by returning sodium and water
to the blood
ANH function - CORRECT ANSWER-Tells kidneys that blood
volume is too high, so dumps out H20 and Na+
Effects of ADH - CORRECT ANSWER-increases reabsorption
of water from urine back into plasma and therefore, decreases
the volume of water that is excreted
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