*Which of the following is the most complete definition of psychology?*
a. the science of abnormal behavior and thoughts
b. the science of behavior
c. the science of mental processes
d. the science of behavior and mental processes
e. the art of behavior and mental processes - d. the science of behavior and mental processes
*Which Greek philosopher first espoused that people are motivated by a pleasure principle?*
a. Socrates
b. Plato
c. Sophocles
d. Confucius
e. Aristotle - e. Aristotle
*Socrates is associated with all of the following EXCEPT:*
a. An emphasis on the senses in understanding the world
b. A focus on self-exploration
c. A belief in acquiring knowledge through thought and reason
d. "The unexamined life is not worth living"
e. "Know thyself" - a. An emphasis on the senses in understanding the world
*Psychology made the transition from philosophy to science with which event?*
a. Fechner published Elements of Psychophysics.
b. Confucius proposed the idea that humans have an inborn capacity for good.
c. G. Stanley Hall founded the American Psychological Association.
d. Titchener brought methods of introspection to the U.S.
,e. Wundt founded the first psychological laboratory. - e. Wundt founded the first psychological
laboratory.
*______ refers to the ways in which the intensity and other physical characteristics of stimuli give rise to
our psychological experience of them.*
a. Psychophysics b. Introspection
c. Structuralism
d. Gestalt
e. Functionalism - a. Psychophysics
*G. Stanley Hall is known for all of the following EXCEPT:*
a. He founded the American Psychological Association.
b. He is considered the founder of American psychology.
c. He was the first president of the American Psychological Association.
d. He established the first psychological laboratory in the U.S.
e. He was the first American to work in Wundt's laboratory. - b. He is considered the founder of
American psychology.
*Which of the following early pioneers of psychology became the first scientist of the mind?*
a. Fechner
b. von Helmholtz
c. James
d. Wundt
e. Titchener - d. Wundt
*You have been assigned to write a report on Wilhelm Wundt's contributions to psychology. Which
would be the most useful term for an Internet search?*
a. introspection
b. psychodynamic
c. behaviorism
,d. association e. humanism - a. introspection
*A functionalist is most likely to ask which of the following questions:*
a. Can you describe the taste of a peach?
b. What is the purpose of superstitions?
c. What does the texture of chalk remind you of?
d. How does seeing a butterfly make you feel?
e. What thoughts does this musical passage evoke? - b. What is the purpose of superstitions?
*Your psychology professor asks a student volunteer to concentrate on an apple and describe the
individual elements of that experience. Your professor is demonstrating the technique of *
a. psychoanalysis.
b. introspection.
c. natural selection.
d. humanism.
e. stream of consciousness. - b. introspection.
*Psychological researcher Dr. Tatrino relies chiefly on introspection. Tatrino probably belongs to which
school of psychology?*
a. behaviorism
b. structuralism
c. humanism
d. functionalism
e. psychodynamic - b. structuralism
*Which of the following schools of thought focused on breaking conscious experience into its
component parts?*
a. psychoanalysis
b. structuralism
c. Gestalt
, d. introspection
e. functionalism - b. structuralism
*Who brought Wundt's teachings and methods to the United States and other English-speaking
countries?*
a. Edward Titchener
b. William James
c. Gustav Fechner
d. Charles Darwin
e. G. Stanley Hall - a. Edward Titchener
*Who is generally recognized as the founder of American psychology?*
a. Hall
b. James
c. Wundt
d. Freud
e. Watson - b. James
*Wundt is to ______ as James is to ______.*
a. structuralism / Gestalt
b. structuralism / functionalism
c. behaviorism / Gestalt
d. behaviorism / functionalism
e. functionalism / psychoanalysis - b. structuralism / functionalism
*Your notes about William James would most likely include which term?*
a. structuralism
b. introspection
c. functionalism
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