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HDFS 1070 Exam 3 Notes Questions with Complete Solutions
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HDFS 1070 Exam 3 Notes Questions with Complete Solutions
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HDFS 1070 Exam 3 Notes1.physical development (middle childhood): - Growth is slow and steady
- body proportions change and they look slimmer
- Muscles become stronger, endurance improves, and strength increases overall
2.most significant influence on development during this stage is the changing social
context: - Children enter wider educational and cultural communities
- Children no longer depend on family for self-care (independence is on the rise)
- School attendance is mandated
- Children spending much more time with age mates (Coregulation)
- Increasing differences between children are evident in size, health and ability to learn
in school
3.motor development and play: - Flexibility - Balance - can change direction faster
(team sport)
- Agility - Quicker movements forward and sideways Force - can throw and kick
harder
4.Piaget: Concrete Operational: Consistently apply the rules of logic; thinking is
more flexible and logical
•Conserve - can now pass conservation tasks
•Hierarchal Classification - classify objects by several traits simultaneously - Pass Class
Inclusion Test
,•Decentration - ability to focus on several aspects of a problem at once - Height AND
width - child is able to decenter from his or her own perspective so that it can be
reversed with the perspective of another, yielding a reciprocal form of role-taking ("I
think that you think ...")
•Facilitates perspective taking; can think about self from the perspective of others; can
infer the intentions and perspectives of others
•Reversibility - ability to mentally go through a series of steps in a problem and
realize that the actions can be reversed
5.Erikson - Industry vs. Inferiority: A Crisis of Competence: I n d u s t r y
•A person's fundamental attitude toward work
. • Developing a sense of competence - a belief in one's ability to make sense of and
master the demands of a situation. - Useful, culturally valued skills. - Academic
performance
•Central Process = Education - Not the same as schooling!
•Has cognitive, behavioral, and affective dimensions
•Prime Adaptive Quality - Competence
, Inferiority
•Pessimism and lack of confidence in own ability to do things well.
•Difficulties with peers and school
• Two sources:
- Self
•Organ Inferiority - any physical or mental limitation that prevents the acquisition of
certain skills.
• Individual differences in aptitude, physical development, and prior experience result
in experiences of inadequacy in some domain
. - Social Environment
•Social Comparison
•Learned Helplessness
•school performance and personal appearance are two of the most significant
predictors of a child's global self-worth
•CORE PATHOLOGY - INERTIA
6.Achievement-Related Attributions: • Our common, everyday explanations for the
causes of behavior
- Luck - Ability - Effort
Learned Helplessness
Success=luck Failure=low
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