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Anti-infectives NUR3145 Exam 3 Latest Update
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Anti-infectives NUR3145 Exam 3Latest Update
What are the primary goals of antibiotics (2)? - Answer -Destroy (or inhibit growth of)
bacteria
-At the same time, not harm host tissue
Antibiotics are both bactericidal and bacteriostatic. What do these terms mean? -
Answer - bactericidal = Destroy growth of bacteria or fungi
- bacteriostatic = Inhibit growth of bacteria or fungi
What is an important risk we should determine before administering a medication? How
do we do this? - Answer - Determine any previous allergy or adverse reactions before
administration!
- Always ask WHAT KIND OF reaction
Give some common S/S of allergic reactions. What is the most life-threatening allergic
reaction? - Answer - common S/S: Rash, Fever, Chills, Urticaria, Pruritus, Generalized
erythema
- most life-threatening allergic reaction: anaphylaxis
What are the clinical S/S of anaphylaxis (4)? - Answer -May have common S/S of allergic
reactions
-Laryngeal edema (airway swelling)
-Dyspnea, SOB
-Hypotension, tachycardia
How can we treat anaphylaxis (4)? - Answer -Epinephrine
-Antihistamines
-Corticosteroids
-Airway maintenance
What is the drug of choice (DOC) when treating anaphylaxis? Why? - Answer - DOC =
epinephrine
- it's a fast acting bronchodilator
- the first thing we do if someone has anaphylaxis is administer epinephrine
subcutaneously
, How do superinfections occur? - Answer - superinfections occur when normal flora
growth is eradicated or reduced from antibiotic use
- ^ this allows growth of other flora
How do yeast infections occur? - Answer - Candida is endogenous to body, but
overgrowth causes a yeast infection
- aka thrush
What are the S/S of a yeast infection (5)? - Answer - fever
- perineal itching
- cough
- lethargy
- any unusual discharge
List the general antibiotic therapy guidelines in order (4) - Answer 1. Collect specimens
FIRST
2. Begin treatment NEXT
3. C & S results return
4. Monitor blood levels for therapeutic levels
When following the general antibiotic therapy guidelines, we collect specimens first.
What is this specimen called and what do we do with it once we collect it? - Answer -
specimen = Culture & sensitivity (C & S)
- Take specimen immediately to lab
When following the general antibiotic therapy guidelines, we start treatment after
collecting a C & S. What type of treatment do we start and why?term-15 - Answer -
treatment is based on tentative ID of microorganism
- Broad-spectrum antibiotics
- Combinations possible
We begin treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics before getting the C & S results.
Why? - Answer broad-spectrum antibiotics kill a lot of organisms and can possibly
improve the patients condition / reduce their infection while waiting for the C & S results
When following the general antibiotic therapy guidelines, we get the C & S results after
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