Exam (elaborations)
OSHE 381 Test 1 Questions & Detailed Answers
- Course
- OSHE 381
- Institution
- University Of California - Berkeley
OSHE 381 Test 1 Questions & Detailed Answers
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OSHE 381 Test 1 Questions & Detailed AnswersThe chemical industry has been affected by...? - ANS Size, Economic Growth, and
Importance
The growth of the chemical industry depends on what two factors? - ANS
Technological advances and processes becoming more complex (higher pressures,
more reactive chemicals, exotic chemicals)
The development of more complex safety technology must be...? - ANS
Accompanied by a change in management attitude and be recognized as necessary
for the survival of the industry.
Past attiudes: - ANS 1. Don't worry we know; we know what we're doing.
2. The public isn't able to understand what we do.
3. Our employees aren't able to understand what we do.
4. We couldn't possibly make a mistake.
5. Safety is a good idea, but it...
(a) Slows us down.
(b) Gets in the way.
(c) Is overkill.
(d) Is impractical.
(e) Costs too much.
,New attitudes: - ANS (1) Safety is good business.
(2) Safe plants operate more efficiently.
(3) Safety saves money.
Examples of new, much more technical tools: - ANS (1) Hydrodynamic modeling of
two-phase flows through pressure relief.
(2) Dispersion models representing the spread of vapor after a product release.
(3) Mathematical techniques to determine the various ways that a process can fail,
and the probability of that failure occurring.
Safety used to mean... - ANS accident prevention through the use of equipment,
rules, regulations, etc., and the main emphasis was on the safety of the worker.
Loss prevention has replaced what term? - ANS Safety.
Definition: Safety or Loss Prevention - ANS the prevention of accidents by the use
of appropriate technologies to identify hazards and to eliminate them - proactive
approach.
Definition: Hazard - ANS anything with the potential for producing an event which
results in an accident.
, Definition: Accident - ANS An unplanned, unexpected event which results in, or has
the potential to result in, death or injury; property damage; or environmental
harm.
Definition: Risk - ANS The probability of a hazard resulting in an accident
Five safety program elements: - ANS (1) Safety knowledge
(2) Safety experience
(3) Technical competence
(4) Safety management support
(5) Commitment
Distinction between good safety programs and exceptional safety programs: - ANS
(1) Good safety programs identify and eliminate existing safety hazards.
(2) Exceptional safety programs employ management systems which prevent the
existence of hazards.
AIChE stands for: - ANS American Institute of Chemical Engineers
Three step sequence for chemical plant accidents: - ANS a. Initiation
b. Propagation
c. Termination
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