Exam (elaborations)
ASU HLTH 1020 Health Anatomy Week 4 Lecture Notes and Tutorials (Leg Ankle and Foot) University of South Australia
- Course
- Institution
Notes for Week 4 of 'Human Anatomy 100' (SP2, )
[Show more]
Content preview
ASU HLTH 1020 Health AnatomyWeek 4 Lecture Notes and Tutorials
(Leg Ankle and Foot) University of
South Australia
,HLTH 1020 WEEK 4 LECTURE 1 – Bones and Anterior Compartment
Muscles of the Leg
- “Leg refers to the part of the lower limb below the knee”
- Tibiofibular joint: proximal
o Synovial, plane joint
▪ “fairly flat so it’s a plane joint in shape”
o Only takes 10% weight from femur as it goes through fibula
▪ “most of the weight goes through the tibia bone (the larger more medial bone)”
o Movement occurs in form of ‘gliding’ when ankle moves
▪ “when you invert and evert the ankle, it may slide slightly, but it’s stable in terms
of having tibiofibular ligaments in front and behind, and a joint capsule”
- Tibiofibular joint: distal
o Interosseus membrane
▪ Inter = between
▪ Osse = bone
▪ Located between the two tibiofibular joints (proximal and distal synovial joints)
▪ Interosseus membrane divides leg into anterior and posterior portions
• Compartment contains muscles
o Distal tibiofibular joint located just above ankle
- COMPARTMENTS
o IMAGE: Anterior right leg (cut in transverse plane)
o Blood Vessels of the Leg
▪ Femoral artery = major and largest blood vessel
• Comes through inguinal ligament (previously called ‘external iliac artery’)
• “[the femoral artery] passes through anterior compartment of muscles,
then travels medially toward knee and through a gap made by adductor
magnus, becoming posterior to knee. Once posterior to knee, it becomes
the popliteal artery (accompanied by a popliteal vein), which courses past
knee joint and divides.”
o Pass through popliteal fossa (transition zone)
▪ “[transitional zones] are where sometimes nerves, sometimes
arteries, sometimes veins, sometimes tendons (or all of these
structures) pass by a joint safety. The joint can move without
the structures getting squashed”
▪ Boundaries of popliteal fossa
• Semimembranosus and biceps femoris
o forms ‘diamond shape’
• Distal boarders = gastrocnemius (calf muscle), has
medial part and lateral part
o ANTERIOR TIBIAL ARTERY
▪ Travels towards anterior of leg into front compartment
(through gap in interosseus membrane)
▪ Travels to ANTERIOR compartment
o POSTERIOR TIBIA ARTERY
▪ Travels to POSTERIOR compartment, which houses:
, o Biceps femoris,
o Semimembranosus (deeper), and
o Semitendinosus (more superficial)
• FOUR parts of posterior compartment
o Fibula artery
▪ Slightly smaller; comparatively lateral
▪ Travels to LATERAL/FIBULA [type] compartment
o Nerves
▪ Sciatic nerve
• Originates from sciatic notch (made into a foramen by ligament between
sacrum and ischial spine, becoming the sciatic foramen)
o Passes through hamstring muscles, divides into two branches:
▪ Tibial nerve
▪ Common fibula nerve (laterally) – divides further into:
• Superficial fibula nerve (passes through lateral
compartment of leg)
• Deep fibula nerve
▪ Tibial and fibula nerves (+ Popliteal artery & popliteal vein)
pass through popliteal fossa
o Therefore the nerve, arteries and veins pass into legs from thigh to leg, posteriorly
- Compartments of the leg (anterior)
o Actions: Dorsally flex ankle and extend toes
o Innervated by the deep fibular nerve (L4-S1)
- Four MUSCLES of anterior compartment
▪ “The muscles in the anterior compartment of the leg are a group of four muscles
that act to DORSIFLEX and INVERT the foot. These muscles are collectively
innervated by the deep fibular nerve (L4-S1). The arterial supply is through the
anterior tibial artery.”
o TIBIALIS ANTERIOR
• “TOM” of ‘Tom, Dick, and Harry’
• “The tibialis anterior muscle is located alongside the lateral surface of the
tibia. It is the strongest dorsiflexor of the foot.”
▪ ORIGIN: Tibia (lateral surface), interosseus membrane
▪ INSERTION: Medial cuneiform, 1st metatarsal
• “… attaches to the medial cuneiform and the base of metatarsal I.”
▪ ACTION: Dorsiflex ankle & invert foot
▪ NERVE: Deep fibular nerve
o EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS
• “DICK” of ‘Tom, Dick, and Harry’
• “The extensor digitorum longus lies laterally and deep to the tibialis
anterior. Its four tendons can be palpated on the dorsal surface of the
foot.”
▪ ORIGIN: Tibia – lateral, Fibula – superior medial, Interosseus membrane
• “Originates from the lateral condyle of the tibia and the medial surface of
the fibula.”
▪ INSERTION: Toes 2-5
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller AcademicAllure. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $16.19. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67096 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now