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Immunology - Chapters 1-6 with complete verified solutions.
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Immunology - Chapters 1-6 with complete verified solutions.
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Immunology -Chapters 1-6 with
complete verified
solutions
What are the two systems of of adaptive immunity? - answer 1.
Cellular - Cell mediated
2. Humoral - Ab
Both part of adaptive immunity.
What are the components of innate immunity? - answer 1.
Have the physical barriers, provided by skin, mucous, and
epithelium.
,2. A variety of serum molecules that may promote ingestion
and killing. These include macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic
cells, and molecules including complement and defensins.
What are the defining features of innate immunity? - answer 1.
They display no memory (are unchanged following repeated
challenges by offending pathogens).
2. Are non-specific. But are actually specific in their method of
distinguishing what to kill. Just not predetermined for
something specific to kill. (Make sure you understand this
concept well).
What do mediators of innate immunity contribute to? - answer
The complex process of development of inflammation.
What will happen if you lose your innate immunity? - answer
You will die. Even though it is relatively non-specific, it is highly
effective and centrally important to our well-being.
What will happen if you lose your adaptive immunity? - answer
You will die. It is specific and highly effective and also centrally
important to our-well being.
,What two features are defining of adaptive immunity? - answer
1. Specificity.
2. Memory.
What is the historical/medical perspective to immunology? -
answer Viewing immunology in light of resistance of infectious
disease. The adaptive immune system can confer resistance to
many infectious diseases (specificity) and has memory.
What is the biological approach/perspective to immunology? -
answer Recognition of self vs. non-self. This is called
immunological specificity.
What is the definition of immunity? - answer ACQUIRED
resistance to infectious disease displaying SPECIFICITY at the
molecular level.
What is the definition of immune response? - answer Reactivity
against a target DISPLAYING SPECIFICITY at the molecular level.
Usually this target is considered a foreign target by the cell. But
under autoimmune self can be attacked.
, List the 4 roles of the immune system. (These are not all the
roles of the immune system, but just the 4 examples given in ch.
1). - answer 1. Resistance to infectious disease.
2. Allergy.
3. Autoimmunity.
4. Graft rejection.
Explain resistance to infectious disease. - answer This is a
central role of the immune system.
Explain allergy. - answer Immune responses to food and to
plant and animal products may result in various manifestations
of allergies. Those these functions are part of the immune
systems inherent function, they can at times lead to serious
medical conditions like asthmatic reactions or anaphylatic
shock. (Make sure you understand this last example well). This
is not an intended out come of the immune system, but is part
of what can happen.
Explain autoimmunity. - answer Disruption of the ability of the
immune system to distinguish between self and non-self. This
leads to attack of self. Examples are RA and Systemic Lupus
Erythematosus.
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