FAD 3220 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Childhood obesity - Answer -common factors: genetic factors, lack of physical activity,
unhealthy eating patterns, combination of these factors, (rarely) medical conditions
increased dramatically in the last 4 decades=decline in lifespan in U.S.
Nutrition - Answer -adequate _____________ is related to social and emotional
functioning such as: peer involvement, positive emotions, less anxiety, eagerness to
explore, persistence in frustrating situations, higher energy levels
children who don't eat breakfast perform poorly in problem-solving tasks
Gross motor activity - Answer -skipping, balancing, jumping jacks, can grip objects with
12 pounds of pressure, throwing a small ball, jumping, running, catching, standing broad
jump, high jump, etc.
Fine motor activity - Answer -•6 & 7 y/o- tie shoes and fasten buttons
•8- use each hand independently
•11 & 12- manipulate objects with almost as much capability as they will show in
adulthood
Advances in fine motor skills - Answer -increase in amount of myelin in the brain
significantly increases between the ages of 6 and 8
myelin- insulates nerve fibers, contains only 18% protein and 76% lipid
Visual impairment - Answer -difficulty seeing that may include blindness and partial
sightedness
Auditory impairment - Answer -a special need that involves the loss of hearing or some
aspect of hearing
Speech impairment - Answer -speech that deviates so much from the speech of others
that it calls attention to itself, interferes with communication, or produces maladjustment
in the speaker
, Stuttering - Answer -substantial disruption in the rhythm and fluency of speech; the most
common speech impairment; childhood-onset fluency disorder
Learning disabilities - Answer -difficulties in the acquisition and use of listening,
speaking, reading, writing, reasoning, or mathematical abilities
ADHD - Answer -a learning disorder marked by inattention, impulsiveness, a low
tolerance for frustration, and generally a great deal of inappropriate activity
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
Acceleration - Answer -special programs that allow gifted students to move ahead at
their own pace, even if this means skipping to higher grade levels
Piaget stages - Answer -sensorimotor: birth-18/24 months, object permanence
preoperational: 2-7 years, symbolic thought
concrete operational: 7-11 years, operational thought
formal operational: adolescence-adulthood, abstract concepts
Reversibility - Answer -the notion that processes transforming a stimulus can be
reversed, returning it to its original form
Decentering - Answer -the ability to take multiple aspects of a situation into account
Information processing approach - Answer -children handle information with increasing
sophistication
Memory - Answer -the process by which information is initially recorded, stored, and
retrieved
Vygotsky's approach - Answer -cognitive advances occur through exposure to
information within a child's zone of proximal development
encourage development of classroom practices that promote children's active
participation in their learning
Language development - Answer -happens through exposure to vocab-rich
environments always teaching "language of instruction", listening to teacher "model"
good speech and interesting sentences, specific teaching of the meaning of prefixes,
roots and suffixes
Intonation - Answer -passive voice and conditional sentences increase
Phonemes - Answer -units of sound
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