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PCHA Final Exam – Questions & Accurate Solutions
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PCHA Final Exam – Questions & Accurate Solutions
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PCHA Final Exam – Questions & Accurate SolutionsA patient tells the nurse that he is very nervous, nauseated and that he "feels
hot". This type of data would be considered: Right Ans - subjective
Because the physical environment in which an interview takes place is an
important consideration for the success of an interview, the interviewer
should: Right Ans - reduce noise by turning off televisions and cell phones
A nurse is taking complete health histories on all the patients attending a
wellness workshop. While conducting an interview with a patient, the nurse
asks, "Can you tell me a little about yourself?" This question is an example of:
Right Ans - an open-ended question
During an interview, a parent of a hospitalized child is sitting in an open
position. As the interviewer begins to discuss the child's treatment, however,
the parent suddenly crosses the arms against the chest and crosses the legs.
Based on the understanding that nonverbal modes of communication provide
clues to understanding feelings, the sudden change in body position would
suggest that the parent is: Right Ans - uncomfortable talking about his
child's treatment
A 59-year-old patient is returning to the outpatient clinic for a follow up visit.
The patient has a history of ulcerative colitis. The patient states he has been
having "black stools" for the last 24 hours. Which of the following would be
the most complete way for the nurse to document the patient's reason for
seeking care? Right Ans - J.M. is a 59-year-old patient here for having
"black stools" for the past 24 hours.
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of a health
history? Right Ans - to provide a database of subjective information about
the patient's past and current health.
The inspection phase of the physical assessment: Right Ans - begins the
moment you first meet the person and develop a "general survey".
,A patient is at the clinic for a physical examination. He states that he is "very
anxious" about the physical exam. What steps can the examiner take to make
the patient more comfortable? Right Ans - Appear unhurried and confident
when examining the patient.
When performing a physical examination, safety must be considered to
protect the examiner and the patient against the spread of infection. Which of
the following statements describes the most appropriate actions the examiner
should take when performing a physical examination? Right Ans - Wash
hands at the beginning of the examination and any time that one leaves and
re-enters the room.
A 50-year-old patient who is taking anti-hypertensive medications returns to
the clinic to have their blood pressure (BP) checked. The last BP was 146/88.
The BP reported to the nurse is 168/96. Both blood pressures were taken at
the brachial site. Which of the following is true regarding blood pressure
assessment in this patient? Choose all that apply:
1. The patient should be allowed to adequately rest prior to assessing the
blood pressure.
2. The width of the cuff should cover 40% of the circumference of the upper
arm.
3. The position of the arm used for blood pressure assessment should be
above the level of the heart.
4. Goal blood pressure for this patient should be systolic less than 120 mm Hg
and diastolic less than 80 mmHg.
5. The last audible sound auscultated during blood pressure assessment
should be recorded for the systolic reading.
6. An unsupported arm may be used for an accurate blood pressure measure
Right Ans - 1, 2, 4
While caring for a patient with heart disease, the nurse notices an irregularity
in the rhythm of the patient's radial pulse. The previous assessment did not
reveal an irregular pulse. What would be the BEST action to take? Right
Ans - count the patient's apical pulse for one minute
Which of the following statements is true regarding use of the tympanic
thermometer? Right Ans - The practitioner needs to wait at least 10
minutes to obtain the temperature if the patient has been outdoors.
, Which of the following is true regarding an oral temperature? Right Ans -
The thermometer should be placed in the posterior sublingual pocket of the
mouth.
The nurse is taking a blood pressure on a patient; the patient's baseline blood
pressure is unknown. The nurse does not have any previous information
about the patient's blood pressure measurements, nor is the patient able to
give any information about previous blood pressure readings. Which of the
following techniques would be the MOST accurate way to measure this
patient's blood pressure? Right Ans - Inflate the blood pressure cuff 30 mm
Hg above the point at which the palpated pulse disappeared.
A patient is being seen in the clinic for "fainting episodes". The patient has a
blood pressure of 150/90 in a lying position, 120/80 in a sitting position, and
90/60 in a standing position. How should the nurse interpret these findings?
Right Ans - The change in blood pressure readings is called orthostatic
hypotension.
In the article by Rakotz, 'Medical students and measuring blood pressure:
Results from the American Medical Association Blood Pressure Check
Challenge', what are the consequences of poor technique when measuring
blood pressure? Right Ans - all of the above
- A 5- to 10-mm Hg error can result in an incorrect diagnosis of hypertension.
- Poor technique can cause patients with hypertension that is controlled to
appear uncontrolled.
- Without accurate blood pressure readings, improving blood pressure control
in unlikely because physicians will not reliably know which patients need to
be more aggressively treated and which do not.
Which of the following is correct about arterial blood pressure? Right Ans -
It is important to know the normal blood pressure of each individual.
The nurse has just admitted the patient for evaluation of unexplained fever.
The patient's temperature is 102o F, blood pressure 76/50 (baseline 130/74),
pulse 110 bpm (baseline 72), respiration 16 bpm (baseline 12). Which of the
following best explains the patient's hypotension? Right Ans - Vasodilation
secondary to his illness.
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