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Bio 114 Exam 4 Practice Questions and Correct Answers
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1. The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a ________. A) unicellular chytrid B) unicellular yeast C) multicellular algae D) multicellular fungus E) flagellated protist E) flagellated protist 1. What synapomorphy distinguishes animals as a monophyletic group, distinct from choanoflage...

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  • August 11, 2024
  • 16
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

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  • bio 114 exam 4 practice questions and correct answ
  • 1 the last common ancestor of all animals was pro
  • 1 what synapomorphy distinguishes animals as a mo

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Bio 114 Exam 4 Practice Questions and
Correct Answers
1. The last common ancestor of all animals was probably a ________.
A) unicellular chytrid
B) unicellular yeast
C) multicellular algae
D) multicellular fungus
E) flagellated protist ✅E) flagellated protist

1. What synapomorphy distinguishes animals as a monophyletic group, distinct from
choanoflagellates?
A) Sexual reproduction
B) Heterotrophy
C) Multicellularity
D) No cell walls ✅C) Multicellularity

1. The evolution of animal species has been prolific. Much of this diversity is a result of
the evolution of novel ways to _____.
A) arrange cells into tissues
B) form an embryo and establish a basic body plan
C) sense, feed, and move
D) become terrestrial ✅C) sense, feed, and move

1. The most ancient branching point in animal phylogeny is the characteristic of having
_____.
A) radial or bilateral symmetry
B) diploblastic or triploblastic embryos
C) true tissues or no tissues
D) a body cavity or no body cavity ✅A) radial or bilateral symmetry

1. What was an early selective advantage of a coelom in animals? A coelom _____.
A. was a more efficient digestive system
B. allowed asexual and sexual reproduction
C. allowed cephalization and the formation of a cerebral ganglion
D. contributed to a hydrostatic skeleton, allowing greater range of motion ✅D.
contributed to a hydrostatic skeleton, allowing greater range of motion

1. An adult animal that possesses bilateral symmetry would most likely also be _____.
A) a deuterostome
B) coelomate
C) diploblastic
triploblastic ✅triploblastic

,1. Animals with a cephalized body structure would be better able to ________.
A) detect and obtain food
B) extend a nerve net in all directions from a central point
C) rely on filter feeding
D) remain as an acoelomate ✅A) detect and obtain food

1. The digestive system of most animals is lined with cells through which nutrients are
absorbed. What is the embryonic origin of these cells?
A) ectoderm
B) endoderm
C) mesoderm ✅B) endoderm

1. Which of the following is most likely to be aquatic?
A) deposit feeder
B) fluid feeder
C) mass feeder
D) suspension feeder ✅D) suspension feeder

1. Diverse sensory organs evolved in _________.
A) animals with cephalization
B) radially symmetric animals
C) sponges first
D) terrestrial animals, and then radiated to aquatic animals
E) animals with a coelom ✅A) animals with cephalization

1. As you are on the way to Tahiti for a vacation, your plane crash-lands on a previously
undiscovered island. You soon find that the island is teeming with unfamiliar organisms,
and you, as a student of biology, decide to survey them (with the aid of the Insta-Lab
Portable Laboratory you brought along in your suitcase). You select three organisms
and observe them in detail, making the notations found in the figure below. Which
organism would you classify as an animal?
A) organism A
B) organism B
C) organism C ✅C) organism C

1. Most fish deposit fertilized eggs, but some sharks keep the fertilized egg inside the
female until she gives birth to a relatively well-developed pup. These sharks would thus
be characterized as ________.
A) livebearing
B) ovoviviparous
C) oviparous
D) viviparous ✅B) ovoviviparous

1. What reproductive trait is most associated with terrestrial (rather than aquatic)
environments?

, A) Sexual reproduction
B) Internal fertilization
C) External fertilization
D) Asexual reproduction ✅B) Internal fertilization

1. In examining an unknown animal species during its embryonic development, how can
you be sure what you are looking at is a protostome and not a deuterostome?
A) There is evidence of cephalization.
B) You see a well-developed coelom.
C) The animal is triploblastic.
D) You see a mouth develop before an anus.
E) The animal is clearly bilaterally symmetrical. ✅D) You see a mouth develop before
an anus.

1. What is a lophophore?
A) The single opening in a species with a blind gut
B) A distinctive type of larva with a band of cilia
C) A synapoporphy that defines ecdysozoans
D) A specialized filter-feeding structure ✅D) A specialized filter-feeding structure

1. Which one of the following is a lophotrochozoan?
A) Butterfly
B) Clam
C) Jellyfish
D) Round worm
E) Sea star ✅B) Clam

1. The molluscan body plan is based on three major components: the foot, the visceral
mass, and the _______.
A) Cuticle
B) Gills
C) Jointed limbs
D) Mantle
E) Shell ✅D) Mantle

1. Among the invertebrate phyla, phylum Arthropoda is unique in possessing members
that have _____
A) a cuticle
B) a nerve cord
C) open circulation
D) segmented bodies
E) wings ✅E) wings

1. You find what you believe is a new species of animal. Which of the following
characteristics would enable you to argue that it is more closely related to a flatworm
(Platyhelminthes) than it is to a roundworm (Nematoda)?

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