cancer is -️️any malignant growth or tumor caused by abnormal and uncontrolled cell division
neoplasm -️️abnormal growth of a tumor, it is a solid mass that is functioning independently
and serves no useful purpose.
DNR purpose -️️so healthcare knows not to prolong life with life sav...
NUR2790 PN3 Study Guide Exam -Questions with Correct Answers/
Verified/ Latest Update 2024/2025
Allograft
Homograft, same species graft; skin graft
Autograft
skin graft from a person's own body
Burn Shock
Massive fluid shifts of plasma, electrolytes, and proteins into the burn wound causing
the inability of the circulatory system to meet the needs of cells, tissues, and vital
organs.
Eschar
Burned skin that is dead and must be removed before healing can occur.
Escharotomy
Incision through full-thickness circumferential burn tissue to restore and maitain
circulation or chest expansion.
Full-thickness burn
Also called third degree burn; involves the entire epidermis and dermis that extends
to subcutaneous tissue and possibly muscle and bone.
Heterograft (xenograft)
A graft of skin obtained from another species
Homograft
A graft obtained from a cadaver 6 to 24 hours after death that is used as a temporary
graft.
,Partial-thickness
A burn that affects the epidermis and the dermis [used to be labeled second degree]
Superficial burns
Also called a first degree burn; it only involves the epidural layer of the skin.
Ex/sunburn
Tumor necrosis factor
Inflammatory biochemical that is produced in response to various stressors.
-group of cytokines that can cause cell death (apoptosis)
Zone of coagulation
Area of the burn that has the most contact with the causative agen, causing
coagulated celluar necrosis.
Zone of Hyperemia
Area peripheral to the zone of stasis characterized by viable cells with minimal injury.
Zone of Stasis
Area perioheral to the zone of coagulation characterized by injured viable cells with
compromised blood flow.
Roles, Functions of Integumentary System
-1st line defense against infection
-Thermoregulation; sweat/shiver
-Fluid and electrolyte balance; stuff in Gatorade
Nursing Care of Patient with a burn
-ABC stabilization: Airway (Always a top priority; reassess), breathing, circulation.
-Emotional psycho-social support, education
symptom management, and maintaining a safe environment.
Physiology of Burns (Compare/Contrast Partial-thick, Full thick and Superficial
burns)
-Vascular changes; fluid shift, profound imbalance of fluid, electrolyte, acid base [K+
Most important!]. Fluid remobilization after 24 hours, diuretic stage 48-72h [
response to shock; kidney damage, break down muscle & protein]
-
Physiology of burns; cardiac changes, pulmonary changes
-Heart rate increases [for a while; until burn area is healed
-Cardiac output is decreased
-Respiratory failure: "ARDS" Acute Resp. Distress Syndrome [occur after huge burn]
-Inhalation therapy
-sloughing
-At Risk!! for pulmonary insufficiency and infection
Physiology of burns; Gastrointestinal changes
-Decreased blood flow [Stress Response]
-Mucosa is impaired
-Peristalsis is affected [slows down]
-Curling's ulcer [acute peptic ulcer]
Physiology of burns; metabolic changes
-Increses metabolism
-Caloric needs double or triple depending on extent of injury
-Increased core body temperature
Physiology of burns; immunological changes after LARGE burn.
-Protective barrier destroyed
-Inflammatory response activated
-Suppressed immune system
-Risk for infection; possible invading microorganisms
-Elevated WBC
Compensatory Response to Burn injury (we want this to happen)
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