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Phil 231 Midterm 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
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Phil 231 Midterm 2 Questions With Complete Solutions
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Phil 231 Midterm 2 Questions With Complete SolutionsMill Correct Answers Supports democracy, all knowledge is
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derived from sensory experience, goodness is subjective, ethics
are about the pursuit of happiness
Mill's views on censorship Correct Answers opposes
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censorship
Utilitarianism Correct Answers "greatest good for the greatest
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number, and maximize aggregate utility"
Hedonism Correct Answers The only thing that is intrinsically
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good is happiness or pleasure
What is happiness? Correct Answers It varies. usually people
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explain what makes happiness, not happiness itself
Bring about the greatest good for the greatest number of what?
Correct Answers Moral status of animals is an issue. By
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definition, utilitarianism supports animal liberation, BUT most
utilitarians are not animal liberationists or vegetarians... etc.
Act Utilitarianism Correct Answers theory that one should
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always perform the act most likely to maximize utility
standard objections to act utilitarianism Correct Answers 1. HH HH
Voting: utility to vote is lower than if you don't
2. Lying: utility to lie is greater than that of telling the truth
3. Framing an innocent person
, Social Utilitarianism Correct Answers We should arrange
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laws, institutions, and practices so as to maximize aggregate
utility (On Liberty is about this)
What Utilitarianism has displaced since the 1700s Correct HH
Answers Institutionism
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Divine command theory- morality found in an influential book
(Bible, Quran)
Tyranny of the Majority Correct Answers Formal: political
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functionaries
Informal: prevailing opinion and feeling, the kind that creeps
into the soul (in high school parents control you)
Harm Principle (Principle of Liberty) Correct Answers Harm
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to others is a necessary but not sufficient condition for social
interference with the individual
Issues with the Harm Principle Correct Answers the principle
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is not self-evident or self-justifying... so:
1. the principle isn't absolute
2. the principle isn't universal
Legal Paternalism Correct Answers laws that ought to protect
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people from themselves (state should act as father)
broken windows theorem Correct Answers Criminal disorder
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causes social decay
wilson's theory Correct Answers social decay causes criminal
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disorder
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