100% satisfaction guarantee Immediately available after payment Both online and in PDF No strings attached
logo-home
Previously searched by you
Previously searched by you
logo
Medical Microbiology Question and answers already passed $13.99   Add to cart
Quickly navigate to
Preview
  2.  
  3. Microbiology
  4.  
  5. Microbiology

Exam (elaborations)

Medical Microbiology Question and answers already passed

 8 views  0 purchase
  • Course
  • Microbiology
  • Institution
  • Microbiology

Medical Microbiology Question and answers already passed Medical Microbiology Describe the overall cell structure of prokaryotes - correct answer Prokaryotes (primitive nucleus) a. Most contain a single chromosome of double-stranded DNA in a circle called a nucleoid that is not surrounded b...

[Show more]

Preview 3 out of 24  pages

Document information

  • August 11, 2024
  • 24
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers

Subjects

Written for

  • Microbiology
  • Microbiology

Seller

avatar-seller
Carzola98

Reviews received

Content preview

Medical Microbiology
Describe the overall cell structure of prokaryotes - correct answer
✔Prokaryotes (primitive nucleus)
a. Most contain a single chromosome of double-stranded DNA in a circle
called
a nucleoid that is not surrounded by a membrane
b. Plasmids (smaller, circular, extrachromosomal DNAs) may be present
1. Plasmids are not necessary for survival, but may provide a selective
advantage, such as antibiotic resistance
c. Cell membrane is a lipoprotein surrounding cytoplasm. It regulates transport
across membrane and acts as osmotic barrier and is where energy is
generated
d. Cell wall is present and is rigid


B. Eukaryotes(true nucleus)
a. Nucleus contains double-stranded DNA in one or more chromosomes
surrounded by a nuclear membrane
b. A nucleolus is located within nucleus and is site of ribosomal RNA
synthesis
c. Endoplasmic reticulum is system of membranes throughout cytoplasm
where
protein is synthesized
d. Mitochondria are sites of energy production
e. Most do not have cell walls
f. Plasma membrane is bilayered lipoprotein that encircles cell cytoplasm and
regulates transport of molecules in and out of cell


Example: Bacteria

,Describe the overall cell structure of eukaryotes - correct answer
✔Eukaryotes (true nucleus)
a. Nucleus contains double-stranded DNA in one or more chromosomes
surrounded by a nuclear membrane
b. A nucleolus is located within nucleus and is site of ribosomal RNA
synthesis
c. Endoplasmic reticulum is system of membranes throughout cytoplasm
where
protein is synthesized
d. Mitochondria are sites of energy production
e. Most do not have cell walls
f. Plasma membrane is bilayered lipoprotein that encircles cell cytoplasm and
regulates transport of molecules in and out of cell


Example: Fungi, Algae, Protozoa, Plant cells, Animal cells


Describe taxonomic classification and use scientific nomenclature to
accurately record the names of microorganisms. - correct answer ✔There is
no official classification scheme for living organisms. As new information is
discovered, the "tree of life" constantly changes. Classification schemes are
based on structure, cellular organization, nutritional patterns, and genetic
relationships. Microbiologists favor the three domain system over the older
five kingdom system, as it reflects new genetic insights into diversity.
Scientific nomenclature assigns each organism two names (binomial naming).
The genus is the first name and is always capitalized; the species follows and
is not
2
Fenn/Durrant Dept. of Pathology
Chart taken from Medical Microbiology, 6th Ed. PR Murray et al. p. 11

, II. Classification of Bacteria
Fenn/Durrant Dept. of Pathology
capitalized. The genus and species name of the particular organism is either
underlined or italicized.


Describe the Gram stain procedure and what is happening with the bacteria at
each step. - correct answer ✔GramStain-
Basisforinitialgroupingofmedicallyimportantbacteria;mostcommonly used stain
in clinical microbiology laboratory; bacteria placed into 2 groups based on
stain results: gram positive (purple) and gram negative (red)


a. Crystal violet: net (+) charge is attracted to bacterial (-) charged cells
b. Iodine: mordant
c. Alcohol: decolorizer; removes dye from gram negative cells but not
gram positive cells
d. Safranin: counterstain


Gram Positive bacteria contain multiple layers of peptidoglycan, while gram
negative bacteria contain a single peptidoglycan layer. These multiple layers
in gram positive cells are a barrier to release of the crystal violet-iodine
complex when alcohol is added.


Acid-fast bacteria (high lipid and wax content in cell walls) do not stain well
with the gram stain.


Outline the factors affecting microbial growth and growth patterns. - correct
answer ✔1. Temperature
a. Psychrophiles - organisms that live optimally at 150C; they can be in
refrigerators, water, soil
b. Mesophiles - optimum temperature is 30-350C; cause disease in man

The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Guaranteed quality through customer reviews

Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.

Quick and easy check-out

Quick and easy check-out

You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.

Focus on what matters

Focus on what matters

Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!

Frequently asked questions

What do I get when I buy this document?

You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.

Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?

Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.

Who am I buying these notes from?

Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Carzola98. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.

Will I be stuck with a subscription?

No, you only buy these notes for $13.99. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.

Can Stuvia be trusted?

4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)

83100 documents were sold in the last 30 days

Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now

Start selling
$13.99
  • (0)
  Add to cart