-causes of metabolic alkalosis - -excess use of bicarbonate, lactate
administration in dialysis, excess ingestion of antacids, vomiting, nasogastric
suctioning, hypokalemia, hypochloremia, administration of diuretics,
increased levels of aldosterone
-nursing interventions for respiratory alkalosis - -- Teach patient breathing
techniques to slow down breathing, holding breath..."rebreathing into a
paper bag or re-breather mask
- Watch potassium levels (hypokalemia..remember hyperkalemia in
respiratory acidosis & hypocalcemia) and for signs and symptoms of low
calcium and potassium levels.
- Closely watch patients on mechanical ventilation to ensure breaths are not
hyperventilating the patient
-nursing interventions of respiratory acidosis - -O2, patent airway,
repositioning, breathing techniques, ventilatory support, bronchodilators,
mucolytics, good chest physiotherapy
-nursing interventions for metabolic acidosis - -- Watch respiratory system
and ABGs closely...if too bad may need intubation
- Assess other electrolyte levels (esp. potassium because during active
acidosis it will be high...however when it resolves there is an extracellular to
intracellular shift of K+ back into the cell which will causes HYPOkalemia)
- Watch neuro status, safety, and place in seizure precaution
- Dialysis may be needed if they patient is experiencing acidosis (high anion
gap issue ex: renal failure)
- Diabetic ketoacidosis: administer prescribed insulin to help glucose go back
into cell which will help the body start regulating how it metabolizes
glucose...hence not more ketones (acids)
- Strict I&O
-nursing interventions for metabolic alkalosis - -- monitor level of
consciousness and vitals
- give IV fluids and electrolyte supplements
- discontinue diuretics and suctioning
-A nurse is caring for a patient with who is experiencing leukocytosis. When
providing care to this patient, which action by the nurse is the most
appropriate? - -Assessing for the source of infection
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