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Cardiac Dysrhythmia Drugs Questions and Answers 2024
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Cardiac Dysrhythmia Drugs
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Cardiac Dysrhythmia DrugsVaughn Williams Classification of Antidysrhythmic Drugs - answerClass IA-C
-Sodium Channel Blockers
Class II
-Beta Blockers
Class III
-Drugs Prolonging Action Potential
(Also called Potassium Channel Blockers)
Class IV
-Calcium Channel Blockers
Other:
-Cardiac Glycosides
Sodium Channel Blockers - answerSodium Channel Blockers
Quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex)
Procainamide (Procan SR)
Lidocaine (Xylocaine)
Tocainide (Tonocard)
Flecinide (Tambocoor)
Propafenone (Rhythmol)
Mechanism of Action:
blocks cardiac Na channels
slows the rate of conduction of the cardiac impulse through the atria, ventricular
muscles
*therefore suppresses ectopic beats
Uses:
Generally used to treat life-threatening ventricular dysrhthymias.
Some classes occasionally used to convert atrial fibrillation to normal sinus rhythm.
Adverse Reactions/Contraindications
all have potential to cause dysrhythmias
, - Can cause irregular heart rates (tachy/brady), including cardiac
arrest
Interactions:
Quinidine can double digoxin levels
Other antihypertensives can have an additive effect and lower BP
Avoid use with patients who have any type of heart block
Note: Lidocaine is also used as a topical anesthetic. IV lidocaine andtopical lidocaine
are not to be interchanged
Quinidine side effects - answerQuinidine:
- HA, N/V, tinnitus, blurred vision
- Diarrhea and other GI disturbances
-* can double plasma levels of digioxin
Procainamide: side effects - answerProcainamide:
- SLE type symptoms that can be very serious
Lidocaine: side effects - answerLidocaine:
- Generally well tolerated.
- CV: bradycardia
- CNS: nervousness, drowsiness, parasthesia, convulsions
- Respiratory depression
Tocaninide (Tonocard): side effects - answerTocaninide (Tonocard):
- Can cause skin blisters that may signal a rare but dangerous allergic reaction :
Stevens Johnson syndrome
- Can cause serious pulmonary reactions: pulmonary fibrosis
Beta Blockers - answerBeta Blockers
Mechanism of Action:
- blocks beta receptors
- blunts the SNS stimulation and catecholamines on the heart
Uses:
- Long-term prevention of serious ventricular arrhythmia
* -And rate control of AF.
Drugs that Prolong Action Potential Duration
(Also called Potassium Channel Blockers) - answerDrugs that Prolong Action Potential
Duration
(Also called Potassium Channel Blockers)
Amiodarone (Cordarone)
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