Exam (elaborations)
MSM 6645
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MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645MSM 6645
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MSM 6645A control chart exhibits a state of control when: - ANSWER-1. Two-thirds of the points are near the
center value.
2. A few of the points are on or near the center value.
3. The points appear to float back and forth across the centerline.
4. The points are balanced (in roughly equal numbers) on both sides of the centerline.
5. There are no points beyond the control limits.
6. There are no patterns or trends on the chart.
A frequency diagram - ANSWER-shows the number of times each of the measured values occurred when
the data were collected. This diagram can be created either from measurements taken from a process or
from data taken from the occurrences of events.
A population is - ANSWER-a collection of all possible elements, values, or items associated with a
situation.
- A population can contain a finite number of things or it may be nearly infinite. Limitations may be
placed on a collection of items to define the population.
A process - ANSWER-is considered to be under control when the variability (variation) from one part to
another or from one service to another is stable and predictable.
A quality management system must have the necessary ingredients to - ANSWER-- Identify, design,
develop, produce and deliver what the customer wants
A quality-cost measurement system will help focus on which problems, if solved will provide the
greatest return on investment. Identify this statement(s) below that are true: (page 435-437) - ANSWER-
a measurement system should capture and reduce significant quality costs
A sample is - ANSWER-a subset of elements or measurements taken from a population
According to your textbook, the potential economic benefits of the Baldrige award to the US economy is
approaching $25 billion because: (p. 52) - ANSWER-of better utilization of economic resources
Accuracy refers to - ANSWER-how far from the actual or real value the measurement is.
Affinity Diagrams - ANSWER-help organize the output of brainstorming sessions.
All actions lead to Results— - ANSWER-a composite of product and process, customer, workforce,
leadership and governance, and financial, market, and strategy results.
Although developed in Japan in the 1970s, QFD was first used in the United States in the 1980s. The
objective of the QFD is to: (p. 402) - ANSWER-enable a company to organize and analyze pertinent
information associated with the product or service
Although many people believe quality began in the industrial revolution, the textbook notes 10,000 your
old stones were uncovered in Malta that demonstrated a uniform standard in a temple that still stands
today. Another example of ancient quality could include - ANSWER-- Roman road builders
,MSM 6645
- The Zhou Dynasty
- Scandinavian shipbuilders
- All of the above<<<<correct
An audit typically involves comparisons, checks of compliance and discovery of discrepancies. Audits
should never be subjective and need to be conducted in a professional manner and an auditor should
always (page 481) - ANSWER-be professional, unbiased and undistorted
An ethical statistician may accept work for which he or she is sufficiently qualified if - ANSWER-he/she is
honest with the client about limitation of expertise
An example of differentiation and integration could be - ANSWER-a long-term horizon with the formal
structure and an informal structure with short-term deadlines
Analyze Histograms by studying: - ANSWER-- Shape
- Spread
- Location
Any benchmarking assessment should - ANSWER-conduct a thorough review of existing business
practices
Aristotle saw the universe as - ANSWER-a coherent whole, with numerous subcomponents
As with any major process improvement, failure may still. Failure may be the result of: (p. 50) - ANSWER-
- lack of an implementation plan
- lack of resources or inadequate resources
- individuals may not be aware about how to access the power that procedures and information provide
- lack of understanding about ISO 9000
Assessing work accomplishment is accomplished by - ANSWER-capitalizing on core competencies
Auditing allows an organization to verify conformance to specifications and procedures Auditing may -
ANSWER-- only be done by an outside auditor
- are limited to software and documentation
- are limited to processes
- none of these<<<Correct
Audits - ANSWER-- Involve comparisons
- Look for non-conformances
- Study performance, documentation, and procedures
- Verify compliance
,MSM 6645
- Occur based on need
Audits are designed to - ANSWER-appraise the activities, practices, records, or policies of an
organization.
Audits determine whether or not a company has the ability to - ANSWER-meet or exceed a standard.
Audits potentially answer several questions such as - ANSWER-are records being properly retained and
used to solve production problems
Autonomation - ANSWER-refers to error-proofing production processes, preventing overproduction, and
stopping the process when something goes wrong.
Baldrige encourages you to use creative, adaptive, innovative, and flexible approaches and to choose
the tools: - ANSWER-Example:
- Lean Six Sigma
- International Organization for Standardization (ISO) series
- a balanced scorecard
- Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDSA)
that are best suited to your organization and are the most effective in driving improvements and
sustainable
high performance
Baldrige Leadership is also responsible for ethical behavior and societal well-being. This can include -
ANSWER-supporting environmental, social and economic systems
Benchmarking - ANSWER-During the benchmarking process, a company compares its performance
against a set of standards or against the performance of a best-in-class company. With the information
provided by the comparison, a company can determine how to improve.
Benchmarking can be done at different levels. Different types of benchmarking can include - ANSWER-
perception and compliance
Benchmarking is a tool that will: - ANSWER-- Compare and measure your business performance against
world class companies.
- Highlight areas where your business performance is sub-optimal.
- Highlight worldwide best practices that lead to superior performance.
- Help to continuously improve business performance.
- Introduce new ideas
Benefits of adopting the Six Sigma methodology - ANSWER-- Enhanced ability to provide value to
customer
, MSM 6645
- Enhanced understanding of key business processes
- Reduction of waste
- Improved profit performance
Best Practices - ANSWER-refers to choosing a method of work that has been found to be the most
effective and efficient, i.e., with no waste in the process.
Brainstorming is one of the techniques used to determine possible causes; the purpose of brainstorming
is to generate a list of possibilities or ideas. Brainstorming should be conducted with: (page 83, 86) -
ANSWER-- only the people who volunteer
- no arguing, but critiques can be provided
- time included to evaluate ideas in the session
- Time to discuss opportunities
- none of the above<<<correct
Brainstorming's purpose is - ANSWER-to generate a list of problems, opportunities. or ideas from a
group of people.
Building and managing customer relationships is a key element of - ANSWER-Baldrige Criteria 3
Business Excellence Models - ANSWER-TQM itself is now often called Business Excellence. This is to
distinguish the "new TQM" from the past work on TQM.
Business Excellence is really the same as TQM, but with a more clearly defined approach.
Butterfly effect - ANSWER-The idea that a small effect or thing can have a large impact if it happens to
tip the balance, causing other changes that create a major event.
Calculating Process Capability Indices - ANSWER-- Capability Ratio Cr
Cr = 6o/USL - LSL
o = standard deviation
Calculating Process Capability Indices - ANSWER-- Cpk
Cpk = Z(min)/3
Cause and Effect Diagrams - ANSWER-identify and organize causes for problems.
aka Ishikawa diagram and wishbone
Chaos Theory - ANSWER-- Butterfly Effect
- Systems approach
Chaos Theory - ANSWER-theoretical construct defining the random-appearing yet deterministic
characteristics of complex organizations
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