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Exam of 7 pages for the course lvn at lvn (Exam.)
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Exam #1 LVN 101LVN scope of practice - ANSWERis what you are able to do because you are a
LPN/LVN.
-includes the assisting role in the nursing process
HIPPA - ANSWERhealth insurance portability and accountability act
-was portability of health insurance for employees from one job to the next
-protection of patient privacy (health information)
- any care, services, or supplies related to the care of the patient
- designate a privacy officer
- notice of privacy practices is offered to all patients
-mandatory law
criminal vs. civil law - ANSWERwho law generally applies to:
civil- relationships between private individuals and infringements on individual rights
criminal- relationships between individuals and the government; society as a whole.
sources of law:
civil- U.S Constitution, state and federal legislatures
criminal- U.S Constitution, state and federal legislatures
punishment for breaking law:
civil- payment of a monetary compensation
criminal- death, imprisonment, fines, restriction
How guilt is established:
civil- proof by a preponderance of the evidence
criminal- proof beyond a reasonable doubt
examples of nursing liability:
civil-contract, tort, unintentional, intentional, negligence
criminal- murder, rape, largency, homicide, manslaughter, assault and battery,
embezzlement, felony/misdemeanor
abuse - ANSWERphysical and emotional
always report incident immediately to your supervisor or director of nursing
tort - ANSWERintentional- is intended to harm the patient
unintentional- did not mean to harm patient (wrong medication)
assault - ANSWERthreat ( not physical)
battery - ANSWERactually physicial (hitting, slapping, punching, etc)
libel - ANSWERphotographic untruth/ breach form of written
, slander - ANSWERsome untruth verbalized
negligence - ANSWERconduct that falls below the standards established by the law for
the protection of others against the unreasonable risk of harm
ex: leaving patient
evidence based practice - ANSWER-best research evidence
-nurses clinical expertise
-patient preferences
measures/ interventions (NIC) - ANSWERnursing interventions classification- focuses
on intervention- what the nurse does to enhance patient outcomes. can be both direct
and indirect and can directed at the patient, family, and community. NIC is useful for
nurses, students nurses, other health professionals, administrators, and faculty
-interventions in the categories of physical and psycho-social; illness treatment and
prevention; health promotion; individual, group, family, and community; indirect and
direct care; and independent and collaborative
nursing diagnosis for patients with problems of the resp. system - ANSWER- ineffective
breathing pattern related to constricted airways
-impaired exchange related to alveolar damage from chronic inflammation
-ineffective airway clearance related to physical alteration in airway (presence of
secretions or tracheotomy)
-fatigue related to hypoxemia anxiety related to dyspnea
-pain related to inflammation and consent cough
interventions for those with a potential or recognized problem with oxygenation and/or
perfusion - ANSWER-deep breathing, diaphragmatic breathing; effective coughing
-encourage use of spirameter
-observe sputum for changes in color, consistency, odor, and amount
-teach relaxation techniques; encourage practice
-monitor pulse oximetry before, during, and after exertion
-alternate activity with rest periods, beginning with small increments or activity
cardiovascular system- the anatomy/structure of the heart - ANSWER-superior vena
cava
-right atrium
-tricuspid valve
-inferior vena cava
-Right ventricle
-aortic arch
-pulmonary artery
-left atrium
-pulmonary artery
-left atrium
-pulmonary vein
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