NSG 124 ADVANCED PHARMACLOGY EXAM GUIDE 1
NEWEST VERSION LATEST 2024-2025 ACTUAL QUESTIN
AND CORRECT ANSWERS.
How does tolerance influence medication response? - ANSWER-
Decreased effectiveness because of prolonged use
How does body weight/composition influence medication response? -
ANSWER-can affect absorption, metabolism, and adverse reactions
FDA pregnancy risk categories - ANSWER-A: remote risk of fetal harm
B: slightly more risk than A
C: greater risk than B; animal studies show risk of fetal harm, no studies
have been done in women
D: proven risk of fetal harm
X: proven risk of fetal harm--definite risk of fetal abnormality
Pharmacokinetic changes in older adults - ANSWER-decreased renal
function, more likely to have adverse reactions, lower BMI, more likely
to be dehydrated, fattier
What drugs are used for muscle spasms and pain - ANSWER-baclofen,
dantrolene, and cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine (therapeutic use) - ANSWER-Central acting skeletal
muscle relaxant (short term local effect)
Drugs for muscle spasm and pain (adverse effects) - ANSWER-
Drowsiness, Dizziness, Weakness, Fatigue, Confusion, Headache,
Insomnia, Nausea, Constipation, Urinary frequency
Drugs for muscle spasm and pain (contraindications/precautions) -
ANSWER-MAOI (antidepressant) and cyclobenzaprine can cause high
fever, seizures, rhabdomyolysis), alcohol;
Classification of opioids - ANSWER-Pure opioid agonists
Agonist-antagonist opioids
Pure opioid antagonists
Opioid therapeutic uses - ANSWER-alleviates moderate to severe pain
from surgery, trauma, or cancer, cough center suppressant, diarrhea
treatment
, Opioid pharmacologic action - ANSWER-acts on receptors causing
euphoria and loss of consciousness
What is the main opioid antagonist? - ANSWER-naloxone (Narcan)
Naloxone: Mechanism of Action - ANSWER-Reverses the respiratory
depression and CNS sedation of narcotics by competing for opiate
receptor sites in the brain
sumatriptan (Imitrex) therapeutic use - ANSWER-To treat migraine and
cluster headaches
NSAIDs mechanism of action - ANSWER--COX inhibitors
-Prevents conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandins
NSAIDs adverse effects - ANSWER-heartburn to severe GI bleeding
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