PREP U Chapter 72: Emergency Nursing Questions And Answers
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Course
PCC4
Institution
PCC4
A client is in hypovolemic shock. To determine the effectiveness of fluid replacement therapy, the nurse should monitor the client's:
heart rate.
blood pressure. temperature.
hemoglobin level. - ANS Correct response:
blood pressure.
Explanation:
With adequate fluid replacem...
With adequate fluid replacement, fluid volume in the intravascular space expands, raising the
client's blood pressure. The hemoglobin level reflects red blood cell concentration, not overall
fluid status. Temperature and heart rate aren't directly related to fluid status.
Which of the following solutions should the nurse anticipate for fluid replacement in the male
patient?
Dextrose 5% in water
Type O negative blood
Hypertonic saline
Lactated Ringer's solution - ANS Correct response:
Lactated Ringer's solution
Explanation:
Replacement fluids may include isotonic electrolyte solutions and blood component therapy. O
negative blood is prepared for emergency use in women of childbearing age.Dextrose 5% in
,water should not be used to replace fluids in hypovolemic patients. Hypertonic saline is used
only to treat severe symptomatic hyponatremia and should be used only in intensive care units.
Acetaminophen overdose is treated with the administration of which of the following
medications?
Treatment of acetaminophen overdose includes administration of N-acetylcysteine (Mucomyst).
Flumazenil is administered in the treatment of nonbarbiturate sedative overdoses. Naloxone
(Narcan) is administered in the treatment of narcotic overdoses. Diazepam (Valium) may be
administered to treat uncontrolled hyperactivity in the patient with a hallucinogen overdose.
What is the most frequently injured solid organ in a penetrating trauma?
Brain
Lungs
Liver
Pancreas - ANS Correct response:
Liver
Explanation:
The most frequently injured solid organ in a penetrating trauma is the liver.
Which of the following phases of psychological reaction to rape is characterized by fear and
flashbacks?
During the heightened anxiety phase, the patient demonstrates anxiety, hyperalertness, and
psychosomatic reactions, in addition to fear and flashbacks. The acute disorganization phase is
, characterized by shock, disbelief, guilt, humiliation, and anger. The denial phase is
characterized by an unwillingness to talk. The reorganization phase occurs when the incident is
put into perspective. Some patients never fully recover from rape trauma.
When preparing to perform abdominal thrusts on a client with an airway obstruction, which of
the following would be most appropriate?
Using a sequence of four thrusts, each progressing in intensity
Placing the thumb side of one hand at the xiphoid process
Having the conscious client lie down
Positioning the hands in the midline slightly above the umbilicus - ANS Correct response:
Positioning the hands in the midline slightly above the umbilicus
Explanation:
When performing abdominal thrusts, the nurse would place the thumb side of one fist against
the client's abdomen in the midline slighlty above the umbilicus and well below the xiphoid
process, grasping the fist with the other hand. Then the nurse would press the fist into the
client's abdomen with a quick inward and upward thrust such that each new thrust should be a
separate and distinct maneuver. The unconscious client is positioned on the back. The client
who is conscious should be standing or sitting.
A client has a gaping wound on his forearm that is bleeding profusely. Applying pressure to
which pressure point would be most helpful?
Femoral
Brachial
Radial
Subclavian - ANS Correct response:
Brachial
Explanation:
The pressure point at the brachial artery would be most appropriate because this site is
proximal to the bleeding site. The femoral pressure point would be useful for bleeding in the
lower extremities. The radial pressure point would be appropriate for bleeding in the wrist and
hands. The subclavian pressure point would be used for bleeding in the upper anterior chest
area.
A client comes to the emergency department after experiencing a wound. Inspection reveals an
opening in the skin with distinct edges and whose depth is greater than the length of the wound.
The nurse documents this as which type of wound?
Laceration
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