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AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE ANSWERS
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AP ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCEFINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE ANSWERS
Succession - Answer--recovery after disaster
Photosynthesis - Answer--the process by which producers use solar energy to convert
carbon dioxide and water into glucose
Cellular Respiration - Answer--the process by which cells convert glucose and oxygen
into energy (ATP), carbon dioxide, and water
Food Chain - Answer--the sequence of consumption from producers through tertiary
consumers
Food Web - Answer--a complex model of how energy and matter move between trophic
levels
Detrivores - Answer--organisms that specialize in breaking down dead tissues and
waste products into smaller particles
Decomposers - Answer--fungi or bacteria that recycle nutrients from dead tissues and
wastes back into an ecosystem
Gross Primary Productivity - Answer--the total amount of solar energy that producers in
an ecosystem capture via photosynthesis over a given amount of time
Net Primary Productivity - Answer--the energy captured by producers in an ecosystem
minus the energy producers respire
Standing Crop - Answer--the amount of biomass present in an ecosystem at a particular
time
Ecological Efficiency - Answer--the proportion of consumed energy that can be passed
from one trophic level to another
Biogeochemical Cycles - Answer--the movement of matter within and between
ecosystems
Macronutrients - Answer--the six key elements that organisms need in relatively large
amounts: nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and sulfur
, Limiting Nutrient - Answer--a nutrient required for the growth of an organism but
available in lower quantity than other nutrients
Nitrogen Fixation - Answer--a process by which some organisms can convert nitrogen
gas molecules directly into ammonia
Leaching - Answer--the transportation of dissolved molecules through the soil via
groundwater
Resistance - Answer--a measure of how much a disturbance can affect flows of energy
and matter in an ecosystem
Resilience - Answer--the rate at which an ecosystem returns to its original state after a
disturbance
Restoration Ecology - Answer--the study and implementation of restoring damaged
ecosystems
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis - Answer--the hypothesis that ecosystems
experiencing intermediate levels of disturbance are more diverse
Instrumental Value - Answer--something that has worth as an instrument or a tool that
can be used to accomplish a goal
Intrinsic Value - Answer--something that has worth independent of any benefit it may
provide to humans
Provisions - Answer--goods that humans can use directly
Population Ecology - Answer--the study of factors that cause populations to increase or
decrease
Carrying Capacity - Answer--the limit of how many individuals in a population the food
supply can sustain
Intrinsic Growth Rate - Answer--the maximum potential for growth of a population under
ideal conditions with unlimited resources
Exponential Growth Model - Answer-a growth model that estimates a population's future
size after a period of time, based on the intrinsic growth rate and the number of
reproducing individuals currently in a population (J-shaped curve)
Logistic Growth Model - Answer--a growth model that describes a population whose
growth is initially exponential, but slows as the population approaches the carrying
capacity of the environment (S-shaped curve)
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