COMD 5070 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions(Guaranteed Success)
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Course
COMD 5070
Institution
COMD 5070
COMD 5070 Final Exam Questions With Complete Solutions(Guaranteed Success)
Two types of coarticulation - correct answer...anticipatory
retentive
Anticipatory (forward) coarticulation - correct answer...earlier sounds are influenced by a later sound .
ex: spoon which causes /s/ to lip round...
COMD 5070 Final Exam Questions With
Complete Solutions(Guaranteed
Success)
Two types of coarticulation - correct answer...✔✔anticipatory
retentive
Anticipatory (forward) coarticulation - correct answer...✔✔earlier sounds are influenced
by a later sound .
ex: spoon which causes /s/ to lip round.
Retentive (backward) coarticulation - correct answer...✔✔later sounds are influenced
by an earlier one.
ex: no causes /o/ to be nasalized.
Acoustic parameters that may change when a word is stressed: - correct answer...✔✔
fundamental frequency
intensity
duration
relaxed vs clear speech - correct answer...✔✔We adjust how much articulatory effort
we use, depending on the circumstances. When you're in a circumstance with minimal
noise, you may be able to minimize your energy expenditure by speaking casually.
However, if you're talking to someone with a hearing impairment or are in a noisy
environment and need to be understood, you tend to adjust the effort level upward and
articulate with much greater force and effort.
hyper- and hypo-articulate speech are different, and clear speech involves longer
segment durations as a result of trying to be really clear, whereas more casual speech
involves articulatory undershoot.
In conclusion, relaxed speech involves articulatory undershoot and clear speech
involves longer segment durations and released stops due to emphasis and trying to be
clear when speaking.
Hypernasality (how do perceptual severity relates to physiology) - correct answer...✔✔
Perceptual severities of nasalization relate to physiology, because it is disordered
because it can be a result of linked nasal and oral cavity. The nasal cavity tends to have
a damping effect and can influence the clarity of a vowel that's being produced. This is
because the nasal cavity acts as an anti resonance, which damps the other formants.
AGRADESOLUTIONS
, Nasal air Flow (during which sound would it be high or low) - correct answer...✔✔low
for vowels
near zero for pressure consonants. If there is flow during consonants this could indicate
leakage.
It relies on acoustic nasometry but may include aerodynamic measures as well. Looks
at nasal airflow over time. It comes with a software which will allow for quantifying
measures of nasalance.
Example: OroNasal Mask System from a company called Glottal Enterprises.
Acoustic Nasometry (how does it work conceptually) - correct answer...✔✔you have
two microphones. One is set above the divider plate, and one below. This divider plate
is set on the front of the person's face so it sits above the person's upper lip and below
the nose. So one of the microphones picks up energy that comes below the mouth, and
the other picks up energy that comes from the nose. The relative proportions of the
energy from these two microphones can be represented as nasalance. This is useful in
clinical assessments because you can determine if a person falls within normal limits for
nasalance for a given utterance. It can also be used to provide feedback during therapy
so the person can see how they're managing the oral nasal balance of speech
production.
EMG - correct answer...✔✔used to study electrical activity in muscles.
What innervates muscles? - correct answer...✔✔motor neurons
What does a motor neuron consist of? - correct answer...✔✔motor neuron
few or many muscle fibers
What causes contraction of muscles? - correct answer...✔✔electrical stimulation
Surface Electrodes - correct answer...✔✔measure larger muscles. Less invasive due
to many muscle fibers firing at the same time. Must have signal amplified to boost
signal.
Intramuscular Electrodes - correct answer...✔✔measures fine detail, but requires you
poking the electrode into the belly of the muscle so you can measure the electrical
activity inside it.
Where does the signal come from? (EMG) - correct answer...✔✔signals originate from
CNS and may reveal details of neural control.
AGRADESOLUTIONS
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