STUVIA 2024/2025
Chapter 4: Pharmacogenetics
Which of the following best describes pharmacogenetics?
a. What the drug does to the body.
b. How patient's genomes affect their response to medications.
c. What the body does to the drug.
d. How drugs alter patient's genes. - ✔✔ANS: B
Pharmacogenetics is the study of how a patient's genomes affect their response to medications.
Pharmacodynamics is the study of how drug affect the body, and pharmacokinetics is often defined
as what the body does to a drug.
Gregor Mendel is known for which of the following?
a. First explaining the difference between dominant and recessive genes in
inheritance.
b. Discovering the structure of DNA.
c. Mapping roughly 25,000 genes in human DNA.
d. Coining the term pharmacogenomics. - ✔✔ANS: A
Gregor Mendel was the first to explain the difference between dominant and recessive genes in
%
inheritance, using pea flowers as an example. Watson and Crick were the first to describe the
structure of DNA. The Human Genome Project was completed in 2003 based on the work of many
scientists.
The labeling for clopidogrel discusses pharmacogenomic testing for genetic variation in which of the
following?
a. CYP2C19
b. HLA-B*5701
c. CYP2D6
d. UGT1A1 - ✔✔ANS: A
Persons with genetic variation in the CYP2C19 enzyme, which is necessary to convert the prodrug
clopidogrel, an inhibitor of platelet aggregation, to the active metabolite, may be at risk for clot
formation due to failure to convert the prodrug to active drug. Point-of-care buccal swab genetic
testing has been available since 2013 to help guide treatment. The test determines if a person has
the normal (also referred to as wild type) enzyme or a mutation in CYP2C19 enzyme.
The FDA recommends genetic testing of which of the following for patients prior to initiating abacavir
due to a risk of potentially fatal multiorgan hypersensitivity in 6-10% of users?
a. CYP2C19
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