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Food Microbiology Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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Food Microbiology Final Exam Practice Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
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©PREP4EXAMS @2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Wednesday, July 17, 2024 1:27 AMFood Microbiology Final Exam Practice
Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
What are two naturally occurring anti-microbial defenses in milk? - ✔️✔️Lysozyme and
Lactoferrin
What causes the greatest amount (77%) of outbreaks associated with raw milk? -
✔️✔️Campylobacter
Does pasteurization kill all pathogens in milk? - ✔️✔️No, it brings them down to safe levels.
What is the first procedural step in designing a HACCP program? - ✔️✔️Develop a
Prerequisite Program
In the study conducted in Turkey over HACCP, what percent of employees lacked knowledge
about HACCP? - ✔️✔️83.5% ---> 84%
What are the three categories for food safety hazards? - ✔️✔️Biological, Physical, and
Chemical
Define what an antagonistic relation is? - ✔️✔️Microorganisms that inhibit others / reduce
their growth thanks to metabolites.
List three characteristics of an ideal antagonistic microorganism? - ✔️✔️1. Resistant to
pesticides
2. Non-pathogenic to host
3. Effective in low concentrations
Name three considerations needed to increase efficacy of antagonistic microorganisms? -
✔️✔️1. Use mixed cultures
2. Manipulate environment/chemical conditions
3. Combine with other hurdles.
Pet food labeling is regulated at what two levels? - ✔️✔️1. Federal
2. State
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, ©PREP4EXAMS @2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Wednesday, July 17, 2024 1:27 AM
Is there a requirement that Pet Food products have pre-market approval by the FDA? -
✔️✔️No, there is no requirement
FDAs Food and Cosmetic Act require animal feed like human and pet food to be what three
things? - ✔️✔️1. Be pure and Wholesome
2. Produced under sanitary conditions
3. Be truthfully labeled.
What further research do you think should be done in the area of biofilms? - ✔️✔️Better
hurdles for prevention and mitigation of biofilm formation.
What are good daily practices to help prevent biofilm formation in a facility? (3) - ✔️✔️1.
Biofilm degrading enzymes
2. Sanitize all surfaces
3. Use interventions on a cycle basis
Could biofilm formation be significant in regards to other pathogens as well? - ✔️✔️Yes, many
pathogens form biofilms. Salmonella also forms a biofilm. Serotypes 1/2b and 4b especially.
Due to characteristics of bacteriophages used for biocontrol, it is expected that the following
groups are at risk if they get into contact with them:
A. Yeast and Fungi
B. Immunocompromised and healthy individuals
C. Rats, dogs, horses, and some other animals.
D. None of them - ✔️✔️D. None of them
The use of bacteriophages as an antimicrobial must be declared on the label of the product as
an additive.
Tru or False - ✔️✔️True
Name 2 desirable characteristics of bacteriophages or 2 reasons what will lead you to use
them in a food product and explain. - ✔️✔️1. Natural in the environment
2. They are target specific
Name 4 goals of the NARMS? - ✔️✔️1. To educate
2. Isolation
3. Research
4. Provide data to FDA
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, ©PREP4EXAMS @2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Wednesday, July 17, 2024 1:27 AM
List 3 ways antimicrobials are miss used in feed animals. - ✔️✔️1. Treatment
2. Disease Prevention
3. Growth Promoters
What is the difference between Antibiotics and Antimicrobials? - ✔️✔️• Antimicrobials act
against a wide variety of organisms while antibiotics act only against bacteria.
• Antimicrobials include antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, anti helminthes and anti protozoa.
• Unlike in most of the antimicrobials, resistance is a problem with antibiotics.
How much more is Raw Milk likely to cause food borne illness? - ✔️✔️150 times more likely
Mention the time and temperature for the HTST pasteurization? - ✔️✔️161°F for 15 sec
Under which regulation is the interstate sale of raw milk prohibited? - ✔️✔️21 CFR 1240.61 -
Code of Federal Regulations
What are the three types of rays that were approved for food irradiation and their penetration
power? - ✔️✔️1. X-ray: 15" of penetration
2. Gamma ray: 15" of penetration
3. Electronic beam: 3.5" of penetration
What are the main factors that help achieve the desired dose? - ✔️✔️1. Duration of exposure
2. Location of product to source
What are the purposes of food irradiation? (5) - ✔️✔️1. Preserve
2. Sterilize
3. Food-borne illness prevention
4. Insect Control
5. Delay of sprouting and ripening
What are three physiological conditions that bacterial cells acquire in stress? - ✔️✔️1.
Sublethal injury - bacteria can recover from injury
2. Variable but non-culturable (VBN) - bacteria are in low metabolic activity and not
dividing, but are alive.
3. Stress adaptation - enable bacteria to resist altered conditions.
Mention three genes involved in Salmonella stress response. - ✔️✔️1. rpoS - Acid tolerance
and starvation
2. rpoH - Heat shock condition
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