Nursing Foundations - Chapter 25 - Asepsis and Infection
Control Questions and Answers (100% Pass)
Lymphocytes - ✔️✔️These WBCs decreased when there is chronic viral and bacterial infection.
They are also increased when there is sepsis.
Neutrophils - ✔️✔️The WBC that ingest and destroy microorganisms by a process called
phagocytosis. They are increased in cases of acute suppurative infection.
Monocytes - ✔️✔️This WBC is increased in cases of tuberculous infections.
A patient's surgical wound has become swollen, red, and tender. You note that the patient has a
new fever and leukocytosis. What is the best immediate intervention? Why? - ✔️✔️Notify the
health care provider and support the patient's fluid and nutritional needs. Fever depletes body
fluid stores, resulting in an increased risk of dehydration, and providing proper nutrition
promotes healing.
What are some different reasons that increase the risk of patients being susceptible to HAI's in
the healthcare setting? - ✔️✔️Any proceedure that goes beyond the natural defenses of the body,
such as an indwelling urinary catheter or bronchoscopy, can make a patient more susceptible to
HAI's. A patient who has a suppressed immune system, such as someone who suffers from
diabetes mellitus, or who is taking a broad spectrum antibiotic medication are also susceptible to
HAI's.
Which areas of the human body have normal flora on their surface? - ✔️✔️The skin, eyes, nose,
mouth, large intestine, and lower intestine.
What kind of procedures would be used for a patient found to have tuberculosis? What are two
reasons for this? - ✔️✔️Isolation procedures, the room would be negatively pressurized with
special filtration to keep the disease contained and also to limit the movem steps for removal of
protective barriers after leaving an isolation room in ordeent of the patient and potential exposure
to others.
What kind of precautions should be taken with a patient with excessive wound drainage? -
✔️✔️Isolation precautions.
What are the steps for removing PPE after leaving an isolation room in order? - ✔️✔️Remove
gloves.
Remove eyewear or goggles.
Remove gown. Allow gown to fall from shoulders and discard. Remove gown, rolling it onto
itself without touching the contaminated side.
mask remove from face.
Perform hand hygiene
What is the proper sequence for washing the hands? - ✔️✔️palms of hands in a circular
movement.
Then the nurse should wash the back of the hands using circular movements.
The nurse should wash the wrists.
Interlace the fingers to wash in between the fingers
wash front and back of the fingers.
Then finally the nurse should rub fingertips and clean under the nails.
What is a condition that could lead to a drop in the count of Neutrophils? - ✔️✔️An overwhelming
bacterial infection such as Sepsis
What are two patient habits that should be discouraged to prevent the spread of infection? -
✔️✔️Sharing of personal items (toothbrushes, washcloths, and towels) or disposing of needles
directly into the garbage.
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