Exam (elaborations)
Fundamentals Quiz 1: Ch 24 Asepsis and Infection Control with 100% Correct Answers
- Course
- Institution
Fundamentals Quiz 1: Ch 24 Asepsis and Infection Control with 100% Correct Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AMFundamentals Quiz 1: Ch 24 Asepsis and Infection
Control with 100% Correct Answers
Infection - ✔️✔️a disease state resulting from the presence of pathogens in or on the body.
Infection occurs as a result of a cyclic process
List the components of the infection cycle (6) - ✔️✔️1. Infectious agent
2. Reservoir
3. Portal of exit
4. means of transmission
5. portal of entry
6. susceptible host
Name the 3 types of infectious agents, and which one is most significant and most commonly
observed infection-causing agent in health care institutions? - ✔️✔️1. bacteria--most sig/common
2. virus
3. fungus
What are the 3 ways bacteria can be categorized into? - ✔️✔️1. shape (spherical = cocci; rod
shaped = bacilli; corkscrew = spirochetes)
2. Gram + or -
3. Oxygen requirements (anaerobic or aerobic)
Name 3 most common infections caused by viruses? - ✔️✔️1. Influenza/common cold
2. Hepatitis B and C
3. AIDS
T or F: some antiviral medications are effective with some viral infections and when given in the
prodromal stage of certain viruses, these meds can shorten the full stage of the illness - ✔️✔️T.
Antibiotics have no effect on viruses btw
Where can fungi occur? - ✔️✔️soil, water, air; plant=like organisms (molds and yeasts) that can
cause infection
1
,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
name some examples of fungal infections? - ✔️✔️athletes foot, ringworm, yeast infection
Define parasites; give an example - ✔️✔️organisms that live on or in a host and rely on it for
nourishment; malaria occurs when parasite infects mosquito then it feeds on humans
What 4 factors does an organism's potential to produce disease in a person depend on? - ✔️✔️1.
number of organisms
2. Virulence of organism--ability to cause disease
3. Competence of person's immune system
4. Length and intimacy (extent) of contact between person and microorganism
Endemic - ✔️✔️occurs with predictability in one specific region or population
Normal flora - ✔️✔️microorganisms that commonly inhabit various body sites and are a part of
the body's natural defense system
Opportunistic organisms - ✔️✔️organisms, typically bacteria or fungus, that normally cause no
problem but with certain factors, may potentially be harmful in susceptible people
Colonization - ✔️✔️when a bacteria or organism resides in a person's body but there are NO
clinical signs of an infection; if person's defense mechanisms are ineffective in responding to the
bacterial invasion (colonization) then infection will result
Infection (relative to differentiating it from colonization) - ✔️✔️present once the person exhibits
specific manifestations of the disease
Define Carriers - ✔️✔️carriers are people who act as reservoirs for an infectious agent but do no
exhibit any manifestations of the disease; although asymptomatic, they CAN transmit the disease
Define reservoir - ✔️✔️the reservoir for growth and multiplication of microorganisms is the
natural habitat of the organism
Name two other common reservoirs besides people - ✔️✔️1. animals
2. fomites (inanimate objects)
Define Portal of Exit - ✔️✔️the point of escape for the organism from the reservoir.
Name common portals of exits in humans (5) - ✔️✔️1. Respiratory
2. GI
3. Genitourinary tracts
4. breaks in skin
2
, ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL EXAM DUMPS] Tuesday, July 23, 2024 10:52 AM
5. blood and tissue
Name the 3 types of means of transmission and any subcategories if applicable - ✔️✔️1. Contact
(indirect and direct)
2. Airborne
3. Droplet
Indirect contact transmission involves personal contact with either (2 things): - ✔️✔️1. a Vector--
living creature that transmits an infectious agent to a human, usually an insect
2. a fomite /inanimate object such as countertops or equipment
Describe airborne transmission and how the infectious agent may be transmitted? - ✔️✔️this route
of transmission can occur when an infected host coughs, sneezes, or talks, or when organism
becomes attached to dust particles. Airborne particles are smaller than 5 mcm
Describe Droplet transmission route - ✔️✔️droplet particles are greater than 5 mcm and can also
be transmitted through same airborne ways
Portal of Entry - ✔️✔️point at which organisms enter a new host; entry route is often the same as
the exit route from the prior reservoir. Skin, urinary, respiratory, GI tracts common portal of
entries
What are the two requirements that allow a microorganism to survive in a source? - ✔️✔️1. source
provides shelter and nourishment (a host)
2. microorganism must overcome any resistance mounted by the host's defenses
Define susceptibility - ✔️✔️degree of resistance the potential host has to the pathogen
List only, the 4 stages of an infection - ✔️✔️1. Incubation period
2. Prodromal stage
3. Full (acute) stage of illness
4. Convalscent period
Define Incubation period: how long it lasts, what pathogen is doing, signs and symptoms, etc. -
✔️✔️interval between pathogen's invasion of the body and appearance of symptoms of infection.
Organisms are multiplying and growing. Length varies depending.
Define Prodromal Stage: length of stage, what organism is doing, S&S, etc. - ✔️✔️person is
MOST infectious. Early signs and symptoms of disease are present. Pt feels vague and
3
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller OliviaWest. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $12.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
72042 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now