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PCB 3023 Exam 2: Transcription and Translation Questions And Answers Graded A+ $7.99
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PCB 3023 Exam 2: Transcription and Translation Questions And Answers Graded A+
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alternative splicing - - Splicing of introns in a pre-mRNA that occurs in different ways - leads to different mRNAs that code for different proteins - Increases the diversity of proteins. dna transcription vs replication - - replication synthesizes new (daughter) DNA - transcription of DNA form...

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  • August 13, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
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PCB 3023 Exam 2: Transcription and
Translation
alternative splicing - - Splicing of introns in a pre-mRNA that occurs in different ways

- leads to different mRNAs that code for different proteins

- Increases the diversity of proteins.



dna transcription vs replication - - replication synthesizes new (daughter) DNA

- transcription of DNA forms RNA



does the structure of the DNA (nucleosomes) impact the ability of the RNA polymerase to transcribe
genes? - - yes

- tightly bound nucleosomes, it's harder to get to the DNA so there is less expression

- DNA is more exposed when the histones aren't packed together so tightly



what direction does transcription proceed? - RNA is synthesized 5' to 3'



what nucleotides are used in RNA synthesis? - - adenine

- guanine

- cytosine

- uracil



what is a promoter in RNA transcription? why is it important? - - promoter: a sequence in the DNA
where the transcription is initiated

- importance: control the binding of RNA polymerase to DNA



Transcription steps - 1. Initiation

2. Elongation

3. Termination

, what is an intron? - - a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule that does not code for proteins and
interrupts the sequence of genes.



what is an exon? - - An expressed sequence of DNA; codes for a protein



is it true that one gene codes for one protein? - - no, genes can code for a number of proteins



what happens after mRNA as been transcribed in euks? - - mRNA is exported to the cytosol for
processing which includes: capping of the 5' end, splicing, and polyadenylation of the 3' end



what is alternative splicing? how does this impact the protein which will be produced by the transcript -
- mRNA processing events that lead to different combinations of exons being spliced together

- the protein will be changed



binding proteins - - stabilize separate strands

- TFIIH, TFIID -> TBP



general transcription factors - - TATA box in the promoter

- binding proteins

- RNA polymerases



mRNA - - messenger RNA; type of RNA that carries instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the
ribosome



tRNA - - transfer RNA; type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome



rRNA - - ribosomal RNA; type of RNA that combines with proteins to form ribosomes

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