NUR2063 EXAM 1 WITH COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS (DETAILED ANSWERS)
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CONCEPTS!!!.
Mitochondria - ANSWER-•Have own DNA and ribosomes
•Produces adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy
what happens When arterial blood pressure decreases - ANSWER-•renin is
released from the kidneys and works on angiotensinogen (from the liver),
converting it to angiotensin I.
What is the role of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, antidiuretic hormone
(ADH), and natriuretic peptides - ANSWER-Control of fluid and electrolyte
balances is maintained
The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) also assist in - ANSWER-
•maintaining blood pressure and intravascular fluid status
What happens when renin converts angiotensinogen (from the liver),
converting into angiotensin I - ANSWER-•Angiotensin I is then converted to
angiotensin II in the lungs by angiotensin-converting enzymes
,what is the role of Angiotensin II - ANSWER-•is a potent vasoconstrictor that
also stimulates the release of aldosterone
What produces Aldosterone - ANSWER-Hyopthalamus
What releases Aldosterone and why - ANSWER-The adrenal cortex releases and
releases in response to changes in blood osmolality
What is the role of Aldosterone - ANSWER-promotes the retention of the
sodium and water in the kidneys, restoring blood volume
directly influences water reabsorption in the distal tubules and collecting ducts
in the kidneys
Homeostasis - ANSWER-•state of equilibrium or balance within and organism
•Fluids and electrolytes exist within the body, are dynamic in nature, and are
maintained in constant balance, or homeostasis, within the body
fluid volume deficit - ANSWER-•Fluid deficit occurs when total body fluid levels
(mostly water) are insufficient to meet the body's needs may also be referred
to as dehydration
•Fluid volume deficits may result from vomiting and diarrhea
Fluid Volume Excess - ANSWER-•Daily fluid intake should equal the amount of
fluid lost
•Third spacing: significant fluid increases in the transcellular compartment,
which does not exchange easily among other ECFs
Types: Edema, Water intoxication
, Eukaryote - ANSWER-•is any cell or organism that possesses a defined nucleus
What may cause Fluid volume deficient - ANSWER-•hemorrhage, excessive loss
of GI fluids (e.g., vomiting, diarrhea).
What are the symptoms of Fluid volume deficient - ANSWER-thirst, weight loss,
lungs clear to auscultation, tachycardic.
What may cause fluid volume excess - ANSWER-•heart failure, end-stage
kidney failure, etc.
What are the symptoms of Fluid volume excess (FVE) - ANSWER-•crackles in
the lungs, hypertension, bounding pulses.
Where is the highest loss of daily fluids - ANSWER-in the urinary tract
Osmosis - ANSWER-•process which water travels through a selectively
permeable membrane so the concentrations of a substance that is soluble in
water (solutes) are the same on both sides of the membrane. (ex. movement of
water between the interstitial and intracellular compartments).
what type of movement is osmosis - ANSWER-Through osmosis water passively
moves from an area of lower particle concentration to an area of higher
particle concentration.
Where does Potassium mostly exist in the body - ANSWER-•exists
predominately in the intracellular fluid whereas sodium and chloride exists
predominately in extracellular fluid.
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