NUR 676 Exam III. (Answered) 156 Questions
and Correct Answers, With Complete Verified
Solution. Latest Update 2024/2025.
What are complications of dog bites?
crush injuries, destructive soft tissue injuries, neurovascular and orthopedic injuries, and death.
Dog bites commonly affect
the extremities, children and young adults, and animals who are provoked.
Cat bites commonly affect
the hand and forearm in older women
Why is the infection rate of cat bites higher than dogs?
cat bites include a deeper puncture from the cats sharp teeth
What are the risk factors for bite wound infections?
age older than 50 years, advanced liver disease, alcoholism, DM, location of bite on the hand or foot,
failure to irrigate or debride wound during initial management, treatment delay of more than 12 hours,
edema at the bite site, and peripheral vascular disease
What are the most common pathogens that cause animal bite infections?
Aerobic: Pasturella multocida, streptococci, staphylococci, and Coryneubacterium species.
anaerobic: bacteriodes, actinomyces, porphyromonas, and fusobacterium.
What rare bacterium in a dogs mouth can cause sepsis?
Capnocytophagia Canomoruses
What is often present and transmitted during human bite?
Eikinella Corroderes
why should you be concerned about E corredens?
it can be resistant to empirically chosen antibiotics and produce beta lactamases.
What needs to be included in history about bite injury?
the location and time of the bite, species and behavior of animal, rabies vaccine of animal, and
provoktion status.
what needs to be included in documentation for bite?
, location, extent, depth of wound, type of wound (puncture, scratch, tear, avulsion), tenderness and
other signs of infection (fever, erythema, edema, warmth, streaking, flcutuation, adenopathy, and
purulent discharge), testing for tendon lacerations, joints and nerves, and signs of compartment
syndrome (pain, paresthesia, pallor, paralysis)
what diagnostics should you order for infected wounds?
CBC, ESR , CRP aerobic and anaerobic wound cultures, blood cultures if febrile
what diagnostics should you order for deep and complex wounds?
xray studies
what diagnostics should you order for human bites
HIV, hep B, Hep C and titer
What are CRP and ESR used for?
to monitor response to treatment
what is the first step of treatment after assessing for life threatening injuries in bites?
irrigate the wound with 150 ml sterile saline solution, remove any foregin bodies or clots,
when do wounds develop signs of infection?
24-72 hours after the bite
what is significant about management of bites to the face?
extensive irrigation, cautious debridement, preemptive antibiotics, primary closure, referral to ED or
plastics
What wounds should be left open?
cat and human bites, deep puncture wounds, infectied wounds, wounds more than 6-12 hours old, and
bites to the hand.
What is significant about wounds to the hand or foot?
They should be immobilized and elevated for 1-3 days
Which bites require 5-7 days of prophylaxis?
cat bites or bites to the hand
What is the most effective prophylactic therapy for fresh bites?
Augmentin 500/125 every 8 hours for 5-7 days
What is the treatment for bites with penicillin allergy?
Clindamycin in combination with doxy or batrim (additional would be levo or cipro)
