NBME PRACTICE REVIEWS WITH
ANSWERS
Patients with ADHD are at risk of - CORRECT ANSWERSubstance disorders and antisocial personality (amboss)
Winter's formula for metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWERPCO2 = (1.5 x HCO3) + 8 +/- 2
Used to determine if respiratory compensation is present.
Proph...
Patients with ADHD are at risk of - CORRECT ANSWER-
Substance disorders and antisocial personality (amboss)
Winter's formula for metabolic acidosis - CORRECT ANSWER-
PCO2 = (1.5 x HCO3) + 8 +/- 2
Used to determine if respiratory compensation is present.
Prophylactic dose for bacterial endocarditis in patients going
through a high-risk procedure: - CORRECT ANSWER-
Amoxicillin, single does of 2g 30 min prior to the procedure
Brain death can be diagnosed by - CORRECT ANSWER-1.
Neurologic examination (absent cranial reflexes and lack of
response to painful stimuli)
2. Apnea test (absent respiratory drive)
A patient comes with urinary incontinence. Urinalysis shows 50-
100/hpf. What's the best next step in management? -
CORRECT ANSWER-Cystoscopy; bladder malignancy
presents with painless hematuria and urge incontinence.
Patients with cephalohematoma secondary to vacuum-assisted
devices or metal forceps should be monitored for: - CORRECT
, ANSWER-Development of jaundice; serum bilirubin
concentration and monitoring are advised.
The test used to confirm appropriate dosing of levothyroxine
after surgical excision of pituitary tumor: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Serum-free thyroxine (FT4) concentration
Treatment of choice for alcohol use disorder: - CORRECT
ANSWER-Naltrexone, acamprosate, disulfiram, and
gabapentin.
A patient with SOB with exertion, crackles, and fingers
clubbing. PFTs show a normal FEV1:FVC ratio and decreased
DLCO. What is the diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Interstitial lung disease
- Other PFTs affected: low TLC, FVC, and VC.
A patient with Crohn's disease treated with sulfasalazine and
prednisone present with neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and
fever. What is likely the cause? - CORRECT ANSWER-
Adverse effect of sulfasalazine
Medications that reduce mortality in heart failure are: -
CORRECT ANSWER-B-adrenergic antagonists (eg,
metoprolol), RAAS inhibitors (eg, ACEi, ARBs), and
aldosterone inhibitors (eg, spironolactone)
When indicated, what class of medication is preferable in every
patient with heart failure with reduced EF? - CORRECT
ANSWER-ACEi (eg, enalapril, ramipril)
- ARBs (eg, losartan) to those that can't tolerate ACEi
- B-blockers are added once patients are stable and
compensated.
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