Fundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of NursingFundamentals of Nursing
Fundamentals of Nursing
(1) A registered nurse wishing to practice in a state other than where they are licensed should:
1) Rent a house there to establish residency
2) Contract the other state's Board of Nursing
3) Retake the N-CLEX exam in that other state
4) Open a bank account to establish residency - ANSWER-Answer: 2 - If the states have an interstate
compact the nurse will be able to practice in both states. Berman p 56
(2) A female minor enters a clinic seeking treatment for an STD. The nurse should:
1) Contact the minor's mother for consent
2) Contact the minor's father for consent
3) Obtain consent directly from the minor
4) Tell the minor help isn't available for her - ANSWER-Answer: 3 - Minors can provide consent for
themselves in certain situations. Berman p 60
(3) A novice nurse has just discovered that their nursing manager has a secret drug problem. The nurse
should:
1) Keep the nursing manager's secret
2) Report the manager to the police
3) Talk to their manager about rehab
4) Report the manager to their employer - ANSWER-Answer: 4 - Reporting the manager to their
employer may save the manager's license and/or life. Berman p 63
• 1. Which of the following scenarios best reflects the concept of nonmaleficence, rather than
beneficence?
A. Administering painkillers to a post-op patient
B. Helping a patient brush her teeth
C. Intervening when a colleague is not following proper aseptic technique
D. Educating a patient with a broken hip about physical therapy - ANSWER-Answer: C
Rationale: Administering medications, aiding with personal hygiene, and referring patients for further
healthcare all fall under beneficence, which menas "doing good". Nonmaleficence, on the other hand,
means to "do no harm". Preventing the improper use of aseptic technique is an example of doing no
harm. (source: textbook, pages 85-86, and Dr. Saulo- Lewis lecture)
1:Which of the following is the example of the primary prevention?
A.Ear infection is treated by the antibiotics
,Fundamentals of Nursing
B:Therapy given to a patient who was discharge from knee surgery
C.Nutrition counseling for patient who has a family of obese and diabetes
D.Removing tonsils for the patient with the condition of tonsillitis - ANSWER-Answer:C
Rationale:Primary prevention address areas such as proper nutrition so early detection will
minimise the risk factors of the illness.(Berman text pg -100).
1. A 16-year old girl comes into your clinic pregnant and seeking an abortion. Based on your personal
religious beliefs you are against abortion, and thus do not feel comfortable continuing care with this
patient. What would be the more appropriate response?
A. Preach your religious faith and try to "save" the client by stopping her from receiving an abortion.
B. Give her a pamphlet on why abortion is wrong, however say that the decision is up to her.
C. Tell her you are against abortion and that she cannot seek treatment there.
D. Refer to a clinic that can help her with the appropriate treatment options that she is seeking. -
ANSWER-Answer: D. Most states have laws allowing nurses to refuse to assist in an abortion is it violates
religious or moral principles. But, based on the code of ethics, nurses must support the right for clients
to be informed and have counseling to make informed decisions free of judgment and without coercion.
(Berman, p. 91)
1. A 75 year old woman with ovarian cancer rejects radiation and chemotherapy treatments, because
she fears their effects. She wants to only pursue a natural, holistic treatment, because she believes it is
the least painful option. What nursing action would be most helpful?
a. Honoring the client's decision and not interfere with her choice to avoid a painful treatment.
b. Helping her research the most effective, holistic treatments and choosing the best option.
c. Verifying the client has accurate information and understands the consequences of her decision.
d. Informing the client that radiation and chemotherapy are the best options for her survival. - ANSWER-
Answer: c. Nurses need to help clarify client's values by examining the possible consequences of their
choices; make sure the client has thought about possible results of each action. a. The client may not
have accurate information. Not providing accurate information would be violating nonmaleficence. b.
and d. These actions would be imposing the nurse's values on the client, which should never be done.
(Berman text, page 82)
1. A client asked their nurse to please help with the pain she currently has from a surgery she had done
a couple of hours ago. When the nurse replies, "I will be right back with your pain medication," and she
follows through with that promise, the nurse is practicing:
1. Beneficence
,Fundamentals of Nursing
2. Fidelity
3. Justice
4. Veracity - ANSWER-Best answer- 2
Rationale:
1- Beneficence is the obligation for nurses to do good, to implement actions that benefit clients and
their support persons.
2- This is the best answer because fidelity means to be faithful to agreements and promises.
3- Justice is fairness.
4- Veracity refers to telling the truth- does not lie, because it could lead to loss of trust.
(Berman p. 86)
1. A client is in the hospital with terminal cancer. He states that he doesn't want parenteral nutritional
therapy when he starts to decline. The nurse knows that he should create an advance directive. The
information she should give the patient is in which of the following?
1. The patient's bill of rights
2. Nursing standards of practice
3. The patient self-determination act
4. The patient protection act
5. The bible - ANSWER-Correct answer is C. The patient self-determination act requires that patients
have the right to accept or refuse care and use an advance directive.
Berman & Snyder page 22
1. A frail elderly client has decided that he does not want any more surgeries, but his family and surgeon
insist he continue these surgeries. Which of the following is an example of caring-based reasoning?
1. "This surgery, which he may not even survive, will cause him to suffer more and his family will feel
guilty later."
2. "This is violating this clients right to autonomy, this man has a right to choose what happens to his
body."
3. "My relationship with this man makes me want to protect him; I must help his family understand his
needs."
4. "If this man doesn't want the surgery, we shouldn't do it, he may die from the surgery and it will be a
waste." - ANSWER-Best answer: 3
Rationale:
, Fundamentals of Nursing
1- The nurse is practicing principles-based reasoning which involves logical and formal processes and
emphasizes individual rights, duties, and obligations.
2- This is practicing reasoning based on autonomy which is the right to make one's own decisions.
3- Is the best answer because caring-based reasoning stresses courage, generosity, commitment, and
the need to nurture and maintain relationships.
4- Is a consequence-based reasoning which looks at outcomes (consequences) of an action judging
whether that action is right or wrong.
(Berman p. 84-85)
1. A nurse discovers a client lying on the floor. He/she helps him back to bed. What should the nurse do
FIRST?
1. File an incident report
2. Restrain the client
3. Notify another nurse
4. Ask a CNA to check on the client
5. Put a bed alarm on the client - ANSWER-1. Correct answer is E. Putting a bed alarm on the client
promotes immediate safety of the client. An incident report should be filed second.
Berman & Snyder page 75
1. A nurse has passed medications to a client per the physician's orders. The client has experienced an
adverse reaction to the administered drugs. What level of maleficence is this described as in
Fundamentals of Nursing, chapter 5?
a. placing negligent harm
b. placing intentional harm
c. placing unintentional harm
d. placing malevolent harm
e. placing client at risk of harm - ANSWER-Answer: e
Rational: There is a known risk of harm when administering medications with the intention to be helpful
as the possibility of adverse reactions is always present. Berman describes this as, "placing someone at
risk of harm."
(Berman text, p.86-87)
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