ECU EHST 2110 EXAM 1 QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS 100% CORRECT
Factors Influencing Food Demand - ANSWER - Population Growth- largest factor
-97% of world's population increase is in Asia, Africa and Latin America
Food supply problems in fast growing areas
Factors Influencing Food Demand - ANSWER - Food Chains- transfer of food energy from a
given source through a series of organisms
-Producers- green plants that convert sun's energy into food energy
*Terrestrial plants and conifers
*Aquatic - diatoms, microflagellates, and green algae
-Consumers- animals including herbivores and secondary consumers such as carnivores
-Decomposers- primarily bacteria and fungi, some insects. Recycle detritus back into soil where
it is once again available for use by primary organisms
Micronutrient Deficiencies - ANSWER - *Inadequate intake of essential vitamins and minerals
-Lack of variety in diet- same thing every day
-Not dependent upon calories, but what you eat
*More susceptible to disease
*Stunt mental and physical development
*Loss of energy
* 2 to 3.5+ billion people affected by micronutrient deficiencies
Micronutrient Deficiencies - ANSWER - Vitamin A Deficiency (VAD)- problem in over 100 poor
countries
, *Major cause of childhood blindness
*Seldom occurs when diet includes eggs, dairy products, green leafy vegetables
*S Asia, SE Asia, Africa, Central America, Haiti and NE Brazil, 100-140 million children have
VAD
*Vitamin A stimulates maturation of white blood cells- fight infection and disease
*Deficiency provokes changes in mucous membranes lining respiratory, GI, and UT, making less
effective in protecting body from pathogens
VAD Treatment Strategies - ANSWER - Promoting of breast feeding of infants
Administering large doses of vitamin A in infected kids
Fortifying foods with vitamin A
LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS (1ST) - ANSWER - First law of thermodynamics - energy can
neither be created nor destroyed, but may be changed from one form into another
*Solar energy
*Heat energy
*Kinetic energy
*Potential energy
LAWS OF THERMODYNAMICS (2ND) - ANSWER - Second law of thermodynamics - with
every energy transformation there is a loss of usable energy
*Entropy - all energy is moving toward an ever less available and more dispersed state
*No type of energy transformation is ever 100% efficient
Biomass - ANSWER - dry weight per unit area
*Generally greatest at producer level
*Decreases with trophic level
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