Operating systems and their collective features enable the computer's hardware devices and
application software to work together. It organizes and manages the major function of the
computer, such as I/O, processing, storage, and memory. These OS are considered proprietary
system software, each with its own customized features such as graphical user interfaces
(GUIs), 32 bit/64 bit OS and RAM (Random Access Memory).
What are the categories of OS?
Single user systems
Single-User, multitasking systems
Mobile device OS
Mainframe systems
Network server systems
Embedded control
Distributed systems
Real-Time systems.
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Single user systems
are considered multitasking systems, they are found in laptops and workstations.
Mobile device OS
are for small handheld devices such as e readers, phones, and tables, these can provide single
user systems and multitasking at a scaled down level due to power and memory.
Mainframe systems
manage large scale platforms and enterprise environments that require large amounts of
storage, memory, and computing.
Network server systems
designed and named for a specific purpose such as database servers, web servers and print
servers.
Embedded control systems
specialized OS designed to control a single piece of equipment or machinery.
Distributed systems
geared toward allocating processing power, programs, files, and database to network users.
Real-Time systems
Used for instrumentation where system responses are time sensitive.
What is source code?
,Is the actual code that defines how a piece of software works. It can be open source or closed
source (meaning only that the owner/developer can modify or examine the code)
What is a shell?
A program that runs on top of the OS and allows the user to issue command through a set of
menus or another interface.
What is cooperative multitasking?
It's a method that depends on the application itself to be responsible for using the processor and
then freeing it for access by other applications.
What is preemptive multitasking?
It's a multitasking method in which the OS allots each application a certain amount of processor
time and then forcibly takes back control and give application or task the access to the
processor.
What is multithreading?
is the ability of a single application to have multiple requests into the processor at one time. This
results in faster application performance because it allows a program to do many things at once.
What is ARM?
It's an OS that uses a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction commonly found in
tables and phones processors. ARM-v8 can support and 64-bit processor.
What is the File Management system and what does it do?
Allocates and manages the secondary storage space and translates file requests from their
name-based from into I/O request.
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, What are the 4 operating system categories?
server,
workstation, mobile, or cloud-based operating systems.
Server operating systems
allow for the sharing of information and applications by workstation operating systems. The
operating system is optimized for background processes used for access by clients, as opposed
to the foreground processes, such as the GUI.
Workstation
operating systems allow end users to access information and applications on server operating
systems as well as independently run applications locally. The operating system is optimized for
foreground processes, such as the GUI. Background sharing is usually limited to a specific
number of users; workstation versions of Microsoft Windows are limited to 10 concurrent users.
Mobile operating
systems are found on mobile devices such as phones and tablets. The mobile operating system
is generally optimized for touch-based devices where one program is used at a time.
Cloud-Based
operating systems are a new breed of operating system that has emerged from the mobile
computing era. Cloud-based operating systems are also considered stateless operating
systems since personal data is not primarily stored on the device but in the cloud. Mobile
operating systems can be considered cloud-based operating systems. So, this category takes
on a dual role of defining a category and describing where the data is stored.
Microsoft Windows
Version 11 is the current version and considered a workstation OS
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