NUNP 6541 Pediatric Final Exam-Walden U I
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2-year-old girl with increased work of breathing had a fever, abdominal pain, post-
tussive emesis and no diarrhea. What lab test would be beneficial? - CORRECT
ANSWER: Rapid flu test, respiratory viral panel
A 3 yr old presents with wheezing for past 3 months, what tests would you order? -
CORRECT ANSWER: Spirometry
A 7-month old presents with 1-day cough, yellow sinus drainage and a low grade temp,
treatment options? - CORRECT ANSWER: Tylenol and monitor
A child has not received abx for a bacterial respiratory infection, what would you treat
them with? - CORRECT ANSWER: Amoxicillin
Antibiotics for bronchiolitis? - CORRECT ANSWER: Use of saline drops and suctioning
of the nares. There is no evidence to support the routine use of antibiotics
Antibiotics for croup? - CORRECT ANSWER: Nebulized epinephrine, corticosteroids
(dexamethasone oral or IM), blow by oxygen or heliox in severe croup. Racemic
epinephrine with the use of corticosteroids to limit rebound swelling
Antibiotics for epiglottitis? - CORRECT ANSWER: Establish an airway preferably by
nasotracheal intubation. Administer IV antibiotics such as rocephin to cover
H.influenzae. Administer oxygen and respiratory support. Antibiotics should be
continued for 10 days. Rifampin prophylaxis 20 mg/kg in a single dose (maximum of
600 mg) for 4 days for infants and children, 600 mg once a day for adults for 4 days.
Should be provided for household contacts who are at risk (Younger than 4 years old
who is non-immunized or incompletely immunized, children less than 12 months who
have not received primary series of Hib, and immunocompromised children.
,Appropriate treatment for influenza A - CORRECT ANSWER: Supportive care
If they are severely symptomatic, give tamiflu within 2 days of showing symptoms
Asthma treatment - CORRECT ANSWER: The pharmacological management of asthma
in children is based on the severity of asthma and the child's age. After initial control,
decrease treatment to the least amount of medication needed to maintain control.
Systemic corticosteroids may be needed at any time and stepped up if there is a major
flare-up of symptoms.
Bronchiolitis symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: Bronchiolitis may at first be mistaken for
a common cold. It starts out with many of the same symptoms. But your child may have
a cough and other breathing problems that get worse over time. Below are the most
common symptoms of bronchiolitis:
Runny nose
Congestion
Fever
Cough
Fast or hard breathing
Wheezing
Loss of appetite
Irritability
Vomiting
These symptoms often last about a week.
Bronchitis symptoms - CORRECT ANSWER: Symptoms may include:
Runny nose, usually before a cough starts
Malaise
Chills
Slight fever
, Back and muscle pain
Wheezing
Sore throat
In the earlier stages of the condition, children may experience a dry, nonproductive
cough which progresses later to an abundant mucus-filled cough. Younger children may
have some vomiting or gagging with the cough. The symptoms of bronchitis usually last
seven to 14 days, but may also persist for three to four weeks
Cause of seborrheic dermatitis - CORRECT ANSWER: Increase in excessive oil
production of the scalp is contributed to hormonal stimulation at
times when hormonal influence is highest. Occurs most often in spring and summer
months.
Chest pain in children - CORRECT ANSWER: anxiety is the most frequent cause of
chest pain in children; costochondritis
Child in daycare more likely to be exposed to what infections? - CORRECT ANSWER:
respiratory infections, ear infections, and diarrheal disease
Chlamydia trichomonas in 6 wk old infant - CORRECT ANSWER: 5 to 30% of infected
neonates will develop pneumonia. Approximately half of these infants will have a history
of C. Trachomatis conjunctivitis.
The condition is generally recognized between 4 and 12 weeks of age, although most
infants are symptomatic as early as 8 weeks of age.
Cough and nasal congestion without discharge are common, although discharge can be
thick.
Onset is insidious and characteristic features include a staccato cough, tachypnea.
Rales is common upon auscultation, but wheezing is not.
The liver and spleen may be palpable secondary to hyperinflated lungs.
The patient is usually afebrile, and does not appear particularly ill.
WBC is normal, but eosinophils can be elevated.
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