History Unit 6 PVL's Study Guide With Practice Exam Question Solved.

clipper ships - correct answer American boats, built during the 1840's in Boston, that were sleek and fast but inefficient in carrying a lot of cargo or passengers. telegraph - correct answer A device that used electrical signals to send messages quickly over long distances Morse Code - correct answer a telegraph code in which letters and numbers are represented by strings of dots and dashes (short and long signals) Strike - correct answer An organized work stoppage intended to force an employer to address union demands. prejudice - correct answer an unjustifiable (and usually negative) attitude toward a group and its members. generally involves stereotyped beliefs, negative feelings, and a predisposition to discriminatory action. Discrimination - correct answer unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members Nativist - correct answer a person who favors those born in his country and is opposed to immigrants Domestic Slave Trade - correct answer the trade of enslaved people within the United States Yeoman - correct answer An owner and cultivator of a small farm. Overseer - correct answer Plantation manager. A worker hired by a planter to watch over and direct the work of slaves. Spiritual - correct answer relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things. Religious beliefs Slave codes - correct answer Laws that controlled the lives of enslaved African Americans and denied them basic rights. Underground Railroad - correct answer A system that helped enslaved African Americans follow a network of escape routes out of the South to freedom in the North revival - correct answer A renewal of religious enthusiasm in a Christian congregation. In the eighteenth century, revivals were often inspired by evangelical preachers who urged their listeners to experience a rebirth. Temperance - correct answer (n) moderation, self-control, esp. regarding alcohol or other desires or pleasures; total abstinence from alcohol Civil Disobedience - correct answer the refusal to comply with certain laws or to pay taxes and fines, as a peaceful form of political protest. Abolitionist - correct answer a person who favors the abolition of a practice or institution, especially capital punishment or (formerly) slavery. Erie Canal - correct answer A canal between the New York cities of Albany and Buffalo, completed in 1825. The canal, considered a marvel of the modern world at the time, allowed western farmers to ship surplus crops to sell in the North and allowed northern manufacturers to ship finished goods to sell in the West. John Deere - correct answer American blacksmith that was responsible for inventing the steel plow. This new plow was much stronger than the old iron version; therefore, it made plowing farmland in the west easier, making expansion faster. Mechanical Reaper - correct answer Machine invented by Cyrus McCormick that could harvest wheat quickly Cyrus McCormick - correct answer Irish-American inventor that developed the mechanical reaper. The reaper replaced scythes as the preferred method of cutting crops for harvest, and it was much more efficient and much quicker. The invention helped the agricultural growth of America. Harriet Tubman - correct answer American abolitionist. Born a slave on a Maryland plantation, she escaped to the North in 1849 and became the most renowned conductor on the Underground Railroad, leading more than 300 slaves to freedom. Dorthea Dix - correct answer woman who pushed for changes in the treatment of the mentally ill and founded 32 mental hospitals American colonization society - correct answer Reflecting the focus of early abolitionists on transporting freed blacks back to Africa, the organization established Liberia, a West-African settlement intended as a haven for emancipated slaves. Sojourner Truth - correct answer United States abolitionist and feminist who was freed from slavery and became a leading advocate of the abolition of slavery and for the rights of women () William Lloyd garrison - correct answer . Prominent American abolitionist, journalist and social reformer. Editor of radical abolitionist newspaper "The Liberator", and one of the founders of the American Anti-Slavery Society. Seneca Falls Convention - correct answer (1848) the first national women's rights convention at which the Declaration of Sentiments was written Lucretia Mott - correct answer A Quaker who attended an anti-slavery convention in 1840 and her party of women was not recognized. She and Stanton called the first women's right convention in New York in 1848 Susan B. Anthony - correct answer social reformer who campaigned for womens rights, the temperance, and was an abolitionist, helped form the National Woman Suffrage Assosiation 19th amendment - correct answer Gave women the right to vote Frederick Douglass - correct answer () American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer. He published his biography, The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and founded the abolitionist newspaper, the North Star.