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StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology Final Exam Study Guide Exam 2024 Questions and Answers.
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StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology Final Exam Study Guide Exam 2024 Questions and Answers.
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StraighterLine BIO250 - Microbiology FinalExam Study Guide Exam 2024 Questions and
Answers
What is a Transforming Infection? - answer-Virus that alters cell DNA, leading to cancer
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What is a lysogenic infection? - answer-Phage DNA is incorporated into host genome and
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b is passed on to subsequent generations
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What is a Lytic Bacteriophage Infection? - answer-Host cell gets so packed with viruses
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b that is lyses (splits) open and releases mature virions
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What are the three principle purposes of cultivating viruses? - answer-1.) Isolate and ID
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b viruses in clinical specimens
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2.) Prepare viruses for vaccines
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3.) Research viral strucutre, multiplication cycles, genetics, and effects on hosts
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What are three ways in which viruses are cultivated? - answer-1.) Using live animal
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b inoculation
2.) Using bird embryos
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3.) Using cell (tissue) culture techniques
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,What are three noncellular infections agents besides viruses? - answer-Prions, viroids, and
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b satellite viruses. b
List the essential nutrients of a bacterial cell: - answer-CHONPS
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C - arbon
b b
H - ydrogen
b b
N - itrogen
b b
P - hosphate
b b
S - ulphur
b b
What are four terms that describe an organisms source of Carbon and Energy? - answer-
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Photoautotrophos, chemoautotrophs, chemoheterotrophs, lithoautotrophs b b b
Define Saprobe: - answer-A microbe that decomposes organic remains from dead
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b organisms
Define Parasite - answer-An organism that lives in or within a host from which it obtains
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b nutrients and enjoys protection. Produces some degree of harm to host
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Define Diffusion: - answer-movement from high to low
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Define Osmosis: - answer-Diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane
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hypotonic cell: - answer-cells that are less concentrated than their environment; water
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b rushes in, may burst cell b b b b
hypertonic cell: - answer-cells that are more concentrated than their environment; water
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b rushes out of the cell causing it to shrivel
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isotonic cell: - answer-extracellular environment has the same concentration of solutes as
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b the cell cytoplasm
b b
, types of passive transport - answer-Facilitated diffusion, molecule-specific, simple
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b diffusion
facilitated diffusion - answer-passive transport: Movement of specific molecules across
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b cell membranes through protein channels by binding to receptors
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molecule specific b
transport - answer-Passive transport goes both directions. Rate is limited by number of
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b binding sites on transport proteins
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simple diffusion - answer-Fundamental property of atoms and molecults that exist in a
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b state of random motion
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Name three types of active transport: - answer-Carrier mediated, group translocation,
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b bulk transport
b
Carrier-mediated Transport is... - answer-Active transport where atoms or molecules are
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b pumped into or out of the cell by specialized receptors
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Group translocation transport is.... - answer-Active transport where molecule is moved
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b across membrane and converted to a metabolically useful substance
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Bulk transport is.... - answer-active transport of large particles/cells/liquids by enfulcing
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b in a vesicle (e.g. endocytosis, phagocytosis, etc.)
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Ways in which different organisms dead with oxygen... - answer-Can use oxygen and
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b detoxify is, can neither use nor detoxify is, cannot use but can detoxify it.
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What are the five types of associations microbes can have with their hosts? - answer-
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Mutualism, Commensalism, Parasitism, Antagonism, Synergism
b b b b
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