NSG 345 PHARM TEST 2024-2025
Short-acting Beta agonist (SABA) - ANSWER Albuterol, levalbuterol
rapid within 10 mins
adverse effects: tachycardia, nervousness, bronchospasms if overused.
Don't use in ppl with hypokalemia
Long-acting Beta agonist (LABA) - ANSWER Formoterol, Salmeterol
rapid within 3min put peaks 1-3 hours
chest pain, nervousness, tremor, bronchospasm
Short-acting anticholinergics (SAMA) - ANSWER Ipratropium
Rapid within 15 mins
Adverse effects: bronchitis, headache, anticholinergic effects
anticholinergic effects - ANSWER dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary
retention, tachycardia
Long-acting anticholinergics (LAMA) - ANSWER Tiotropium (Spiriva)
Half-life: 24-44hrs
Adverse effects: headache, dizziness, anticholinergic effects
takes a couple of weeks to get in your system
inhaled corticosteriods - ANSWER Budesonide (pulmicort)
Onset 2-8 days (nebulizer) 24 hours (inhaler)
peak: 4-6 wks (neb) 2 wks (inhaler)
Adverse effects: otitis media, thrush, immunosuppression
monitor peak flow complications
, pt education on corticosteriods - ANSWER rinse mouth after every use
(candidiasis)
wash inhaler every day
use after SABA (albuterol) inhaler so the steroid can get further into alveoli
use a spacer
Pt education on SABA inhalers - ANSWER use in acute attacks
wash inhaler every week
use a spacer
how to breathe with inhaler - ANSWER inhale once and exhale once. once you
start inhaling pull the inhaler trigger and hold your breath for a bit then breathe.
Systemic IV Steroid - ANSWER Solumedrol (Decadron)
onset 1 hour
Adverse effects: immunosuppression, hyperglycemia, anxiety, psychosis
monitor glucose
Oral systemic glucocorticoid - ANSWER Prednisone
Long term management
onset: 2-6hrs
Adverse effects: Dry mouth, throat irritation, headache, confusion, depression,
hyperglycemia, hypertension, fluid retention, superinfections, restlessness, anxiety,
insomnia
Short-acting Beta agonist (SABA) - ANSWER Albuterol, levalbuterol
rapid within 10 mins
adverse effects: tachycardia, nervousness, bronchospasms if overused.
Don't use in ppl with hypokalemia
Long-acting Beta agonist (LABA) - ANSWER Formoterol, Salmeterol
rapid within 3min put peaks 1-3 hours
chest pain, nervousness, tremor, bronchospasm
Short-acting anticholinergics (SAMA) - ANSWER Ipratropium
Rapid within 15 mins
Adverse effects: bronchitis, headache, anticholinergic effects
anticholinergic effects - ANSWER dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary
retention, tachycardia
Long-acting anticholinergics (LAMA) - ANSWER Tiotropium (Spiriva)
Half-life: 24-44hrs
Adverse effects: headache, dizziness, anticholinergic effects
takes a couple of weeks to get in your system
inhaled corticosteriods - ANSWER Budesonide (pulmicort)
Onset 2-8 days (nebulizer) 24 hours (inhaler)
peak: 4-6 wks (neb) 2 wks (inhaler)
Adverse effects: otitis media, thrush, immunosuppression
monitor peak flow complications
, pt education on corticosteriods - ANSWER rinse mouth after every use
(candidiasis)
wash inhaler every day
use after SABA (albuterol) inhaler so the steroid can get further into alveoli
use a spacer
Pt education on SABA inhalers - ANSWER use in acute attacks
wash inhaler every week
use a spacer
how to breathe with inhaler - ANSWER inhale once and exhale once. once you
start inhaling pull the inhaler trigger and hold your breath for a bit then breathe.
Systemic IV Steroid - ANSWER Solumedrol (Decadron)
onset 1 hour
Adverse effects: immunosuppression, hyperglycemia, anxiety, psychosis
monitor glucose
Oral systemic glucocorticoid - ANSWER Prednisone
Long term management
onset: 2-6hrs
Adverse effects: Dry mouth, throat irritation, headache, confusion, depression,
hyperglycemia, hypertension, fluid retention, superinfections, restlessness, anxiety,
insomnia
