omg reglion exam ahhh

bodhidharma - answer-founder of the Ch'an school of buddhism in china Ch'an - answer-important school of chinese buddhism dhyana - answer-mediation cheng ming - answer-"rectification of names"; confucian doctrine that given names have given meanings chi - answer-generic terms for all forms of sacrifice ch'i - answer-"vital force" in Taoism chien-hsing - answer-"looking into one's true nature" ching - answer-warp (the longitudinal thread on a loom), suggests orthodoxy (accepted theory), CLASSIC OF CHANGE; loom "warps" material to whole Chou Dynasty - answer-second ruling dynasty of China chu - answer-"master of ceremonies" who was in charge of divination rituals Chuang Tzu - answer-the "serious master" (but wasn't actually serious); paradoxical and ironic chun tzu - answer-a nobleman or gentleman; originally someone born aristocracy /// Confucian meaning = someone who has reached perfection through learning, not birth chung - answer-centrality yung - answer-normality chung yung - answer-the mean or the middle Confucius - answer-from state of Lu, humble beginnings as gov official; becomes teacher and takes on disciples; the Analects result from his teachings euhemerization - answer-description of mythmaking which claims historical figures gradually become deified; from notes: china: gods-- human life opposite greek theory fan - answer-"to return" refers to Taoist notion of getting back on path Five Classics - answer-Book of HISTORY, POETRY, RITUAL, CHANGES, / Spring and Autumn Annals Fu Hsi - answer-culture hero said to have invented fishing and trapping Han Dynasty - answer- hsiao - answer-filial piety, proper relationships b/t children and parents Hsun Tzu - answer-third most imp Confucian thinker; major interpreter for centuries, looked down upon in past Huang Ti - answer-the "Yellow Emperor", who invented metallurgy Hui-nung - answer-6th patriarch of Ch'an who received transmission of mind from Hung-jen, 5th patriarch Hui K'o - answer-disciple to whom Bodhidharma "transmitted mind" hun & p'o - answer-earliest words of soul; at birth they come together in the body and assume consciousness; hun goes up and p'o sinks down after death; no notion of rebirth i - answer-righteousness, implies morality jen - answer-humanness, benevolence, literally man-to-manness, character showing a doubling of man kuei - answer-ghosts, one's ancestral spirits can become these if the ancestral sacrifice isn't performed regularly and correctly Lo Tzu - answer-"old master", purported author of the Tao te ching, but his historicity has been questioned; perhaps composit name for three figures li - answer-rites and propriety, ritual attitude towards things Mencius - answer-Confucian author whose book becomes canonical in 13th century; first to expound on hsing (human nature), of which there are four components pi-kuan - answer-"cliff-gazing", refers to intensely concentrated form of meditation practiced by Bodhidharma Sage Kings - answer-Yao, Shun, and Yu. responsible for founding of Hsia, but no adequate archeological evidence Shang Dynasty - answer-earliest ruling dynasty known in China Shang Ti - answer-"ruler upon high" or "first ancestor", ancestor of Shang dynasty's royal family who becomes the main deity Shen Nung - answer-culture hero who invented agriculture and commerce shih - answer-form of divination; character suggests manipulation of yarrow stalks ta-hsueh - answer-"great learning"; chapter of ritual classic Li Chi t'ien - answer-heaven, most likely refers to ancestor of Chou Dynasty; refers both to a theological term and scientific one; comes to replace Shang Ti when the Chou conquer Shang in the 12th century t'ien ming - answer-"mandate of heaven", explanation given to Shang people by Chou when they were conquered; the logic is that heaven sets up new rulers as soon as the previous one turns away from virtue t'ien tzu - answer-king, the "son of heaven" who operates under t'ien ming tao - answer-the way Tao te ching - answer-the Classic-of-the-Way (tao) and Power (te) Tao tsang - answer-the Taoist Canon which is made up of 1600 texts tsu - answer-ancestor, the first component of the character means "spirit" wang - answer-king wei - answer-weft, suggests heterodoxy wu - answer-shaman wuwei - answer-non-action yin/yang - answer-darkened and sunny side of hill respectively; yin associated with the female, moon, and passivity, yang associated with male, sun, and aggression; facets of the same totality; their forces are constantly interacting, extending to all pairs of opposites Yuuh i-tsu - answer-"with one foot" an example of reverse euhemerization, mythological figure who eventually takes on characteristics of a human being Order of dynasties - answer-Hsia/Xia (prehistoric): bce Shang: /1040 bce Chou/Zhuo: 1045/1040256 bce Sage Kings - answer-Yao Shun Yu (founder of Hsia/Xia) Tom wang - answer-big man Probably refers to an ancestor Early version of honoring ancestors Filial peity Offspring for linitage and to take care of you Euhemerization - answer-god walked on Earth, died (greek theory gods) Culture Heros - answer-Fu Hsi/Fuki (2008 bce) = invented fishing trapping/ horticulture and living Shen Nung/Shen Nong (2007 bce) = farming Huang Ti/ Huangdi (2600 bce) = netalorgy (earliest ideas of a state) = better weapon Duke of Zhou - answer-Mandate of heaven Tienming "Things are the way they are" (sky rules earth) Croul emerging (hunup; podown) bianary reps yin and yang Confucianism - answer-Ethic and moral is foundation of Chinese culture • Fundamentals of educational system o If you became a civil servants you could have to study the Confusions classics • Equal strong hold in Korea, Japan and China (big impact in East Asia) o Mostly Chinese who went to India were buddish • Chinese are trying to revive confusion learning but opening centers worldwide which teach confusion principles to the world as a way to teach Chinese culture IS confucianism a religon - answer-No missionaries to convert others (in Buddhism there were conversions) - Not a world relgions/ primarily in china - Not even a religion --- because doesn't deal Seterology and eschatology BUT Mormomethical philosophy so it shares a lot of the same characteristics as religons 5 Classics - answer-• Book of History • Book of Poetry • Book of Ritual • Book of Changes • Spring and Auntum Annals -----Added later because they are about the area of china were confusious was born/ his history and characters ***Book of Music (but there is no written confirmation- Confusions just mentioned it in his analects. Confucius Story - answer-Cho Dynasty Broke apart into East and West • came from a family of humble origins o dad was a menial servant (government employee) ! access to education • studied and enjoyed the classics ! worked himself as a menial employee • became increasingly upset with the deteriaration of his home state/provice of Lu • Each country was becoming an autunmous unit ! dropped what he was doing and wandered around china to start preaching • many other preachers o each had their own way of solving it • Confusius said "if only I could find one ear" o Looked for local warlords who would listen for about 13 years and then gave up So he went back to Lu and began to teach the locals o Had discourses (Lun Yu: analect; comparable to Upanishads which were notes of conversations between students and teachers) ! Students could interrupt with questions etc • Confucius never though of himself as a founder of a tradiation Mark Vaber 2 types of philosophers - answer-1: radically breaks from tradition (Jesus from Jewish tradition) • 2: reaches back into the past for something that was present then and is no longer present (age of antiquity) - when we specialize and lose diversity Confucius regarded himself as - answer-Called himself an advocate rather than a founder o In his teachers he mentions ! Sage Kings ! Culture heros ! Hushur ! Duke of Zho (heavan tien ming- if you are inaqeuate leader then is appropriate for you to be conqure) Confusions Vitures - answer-! Cho: filial peity- extends to the dead but primarly having to do with place of living family ! Li: rights and propriety (repetitive action): brushing teeth, bathing Run: humanness (man to man-ness); Acting according to your proper station in life Ey- rightiousness: morality; Something deep within (intution) which guides the way that you act o Neo confusians would say - answer-human beings are essentially bad ! Some say it depends on your environment • Growing up in a violent area, you will be violent viates from analects and Takes on religious properties where confusois is elevated to the level of a deity o Confusius temples (like Buddha) Mencious - answer-2 most important person in the Confusion tradition He stressed run (humanness) in his teachings ! Center of establishing peace and harmoney ! True king (followed doa) vs False King (didn't follow doa) ! King doesn't necessarily have to be good as Confucius says, but rather follows the moral authority of the doa ! If king understands the doa and has proper advisors he can rules successfully ! If not he's a Fa and he needs to be overthrown How did the goals in confucianism change? - answer-Early: become a chuntze ! Late: devotion to Confusious Yin and yang (basic origin story) - answer-- In the beginning there was chaos (undifferentiated potential) - Amidst the chaos the yin and the yang (balance) were born - Examples of Yin and Yang" (day and night, man and woman, birth and death, summer and winter) - From in and yang the four directions were born - From the four directions came the right trigrams - For the Chinese there neither Yin nor Yang is identified as good or evil - Instead, a balance of Yin and Yang is good and an imbalance of Yin and Yang is evil three Chinese aspirations - answer-Gods of longevity, posterity & prosperity Confucius answer to war - answer-Yang - Firm government - Respect for authority - Law and order Loazi - answer-Yin - Natural way - Waters way (yeilding and absorbing) - Actionless action (wu-wei) Chung tze - answer-third most important Mozi - answer-According to tradition, Mozi was originally a follower of the teachings of Confucius, until he became convinced that Confucianism laid too much emphasis on a burdensome code of rituals and too little on religious teaching, at which time Mozi decided to go his own way. Mozi, on the other hand, was drawn to the common people and looked much farther back to a life of primitive simplicity and straightforwardness in human relations. Doa is indescribable - answer-Doade jing "the doa that can be spoken is not the real doa" The real doa cannot be articulated by human language/we are lmited We