Brooker Biology Chapter 4: General
Features of Cells
Prokaryotic cell - ANS Cell lacking a membrane enclosed nucleus and cell
compartmentalization
Bacteria - ANS Small prokaryotic cells that lack internal compartmentalization; possess a single
chromosome
Archaea - ANS Diverse group of prokaryotic microorganisms; more complex than bacteria
Eukaryotic cell - ANS Cell that is compartmentalized with a nucleus enclosed in a membrane
Plasma membrane - ANS A boundary between the cell and the extracellular matrix that is
embedded with proteins
Phospholipid bilayer - ANS Basic framework of the cellular membrane consisting of two layers
of lipids where hydrophobic tails face inwards
Nucleus - ANS The organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains most of the genetic
material; functions to protect, organize, replicate, and express genetic information
Nucleolus - ANS Region of the nucleus where ribosome assembly occurs
Nucleoid - ANS Irregularly shaped region within the cell of a prokaryote that contains all or most
of the genetic material
Cytoplasm - ANS Everything within the plasma membrane including organelles
Cytosol - ANS The region of a eukaryotic cell that is inside the plasma membrane but outside of
the organelles
Ribosome - ANS Organelle which synthesizes proteins consisting of two subunits composed of
RNA and proteins
Flagella - ANS Long, cellular appendages that allow more cellular movement
Bacterial: Move in a propeller-like motion
Eukaryotic: Membrane bound; move in a whip-like motion
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