BSNC 3000 MIDTERM EXAM WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
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Course
BSNC 3000
Institution
BSNC 3000
Ambulatory surgery - ACCURATE ANSWERincludes outpatient, same-day, or short-stay surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay
What is included in a CBC? - ACCURATE ANSWERhematocrit, hemoglobin, red cell count, white cell count, platelet count.
What does NPO stand for and what does...
BSNC 3000 MIDTERM EXAM
BSNC 3000 MIDTERM EXAM WITH GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS |VERIFIED
Ambulatory surgery - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅includes outpatient, same-day,
or short-stay surgery that does not require an overnight hospital stay
What is included in a CBC? - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅hematocrit,
hemoglobin, red cell count, white cell count, platelet count.
What does NPO stand for and what does it mean? - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅nil per os (nothing by mouth)
Why are pt NPO before surgery - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅dec risk of
aspiration
- dec gastric volume and acidity
Carb loading pre-op - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅2-4hr before
,Fasted -> fed
Dec post-op insulin resistance, thirst, hunger, anxiety, nausea, and muscle protein
loss
What does ERAS stand for? - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Enhanced Recovery
After Surgery
Balanced anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅the practice of using
combinations of different drug classes rather than a single drug to produce
anesthesia
- reduce total dose of one -> dec side effects
Stages of General Anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅induction,
maintenance, recovery
- maintenance at stage 3 (sk muscle relaxation) = safe
Types of general anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅IV, inhaled gases and
volatile liquids
IV GA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅propofol
Midazolam
Ketamine
*induction mainly (rapid, but short duration)
Used for maintenance too
Inhaled gases GA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅nitrous oxide
,*no muscle relaxation
Volatile liquids GA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅deflurane
Sevoflurane
*maintenance mainly (slower but more predictable)
Used in induction too
Adverse effects of GA - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅respiratory depression,
unable to maintain airway
Hypotension, dysrhythmias
Urinary retention, n/v
Hypothermia, malignant hyperthermia
Spinal anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅regional anesthesia produced by
injecting medication into the subarachnoid space
- L3/4/5
- greater effect in lower extremities/pelvis
Epidural anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅regional anesthesia produced
by injecting medication into the epidural space
- does not cross dura mater
- affects spinal nerves nearby
- any level of spinal cord
, Peripheral nerve block - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅regional anesthesia into
specific nerve or nerve plexus (e.g. Brachial plexus)
Local anesthesia - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅causes the loss of sensation in a
limited area by injecting an anesthetic solution near that area
- blocks voltage-gated Na+ channels -> inhibits AP generation and propagation
- fewer adverse effects (bc not systemic)
E.g. Lidocaine or bupivacaine
Post dural puncture headache - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅Caused by a leakage
of CSF after spinal surgery.
Increased pressure on the brain by a decrease of fluid surrounding your brain.
More present when standing versus laying down
Assessments r/t general and spinal anesthesia (post-op) - ACCURATE
ANSWER✅✅- VS (BP, HR, RR, O2, T)
- pain assessment
- LOC, mental status assessment
- motor block assessment
- dermatome assessment
Stressors post-op - ACCURATE ANSWER✅✅pain!!
Tissue injury!
Blood loss/hemorrhage!
Infection (and other complications of sx)
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