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PSY 1101 MCQ EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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PSY 1101 MCQ EXAM QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS
In contrast to explicit, conscious reasoning, an effortless and immediate automatic
judgment is best described as a(n)
a) hindsight bias.
b) chance-based explanation.
c) intuition.
d) evidence-based conclusion. - ANSWER C
2. Mark meets briefly with applicants for positions in his company and relies on his
immediate gut-level first impressions in deciding whether to offer them a job.
Mark's employment decisions are most clearly guided by
a) critical thinking.
b) an empirical approach.
c) hindsight bias.
d) intuition. - ANSWER D
3. The hindsight bias refers to people's tendency to
a) dismiss the value of skepticism.
b) reject any ideas that can't be scientifically tested.
c) exaggerate their ability to have foreseen an outcome.
d) overestimate the extent to which others share their opinions. - ANSWER C
4. The perception that psychological research findings merely verify our
commonsense understanding is most clearly facilitated by
a) critical thinking.
,b) hindsight bias.
c) the scientific attitude.
d) curious skepticism. - ANSWER B
5. Giving half the members of a group some purported psychological finding and
the other half an opposite finding is an easy way to demonstrate the impact of
a) risk prediction.
b) skeptical scrutiny.
c) hindsight bias.
d) an empirical approach. - ANSWER C
6. Professor Smith told one class that drinking alcohol has been found to increase
sexual desire. He informed another class that drinking alcohol has been found to
reduce sexual appetite. The fact that neither class was surprised by the information
they received best illustrates the power of
a) cause-effect conclusions.
b) hindsight bias.
c) critical thinking.
d) curious skepticism. - ANSWER B
7. Several weeks after a political election, voters often exaggerate their ability to
have predicted the election outcome. This best illustrates
a) critical inquiry.
b) random sequences.
c) hidden values.
d) hindsight bias. - ANSWER D
8. Mike Crampton's stockbroker has informed him that he has suffered substantial
investment losses. When Mike tells his wife, she angrily responds, "I could have
told you that your investment plan would fail!" Her comment best illustrates
,a) hindsight bias.
b) an empirical approach.
c) critical thinking.
d) overconfidence. - ANSWER A
9. The scientific attitude of humility is most likely to be undermined by
a) hindsight bias.
b) curious skepticism.
c) ethical standards.
d) critical thinking. - ANSWER A
10. Formulating testable predictions before conducting research is most directly
useful for restraining a thinking error
a) involving skepticism.
b) known as hindsight bias.
c) resulting from chance-related explanations.
d) in which random sequences don't look random. - ANSWER B
11. Our tendency to believe we know more than we do best illustrates
a) curious skepticism.
b) critical thinking.
c) overconfidence.
d) creativity. - ANSWER C
12. Megan was certain that she would never live far away from her family.
However, when offered a job in another state, she decided to move. Megan's
experience best illustrates
a) hindsight bias.
, b) perceiving order in random events.
c) unconscious thinking.
d) overconfidence. - ANSWER D
13. Which of the following is most likely to inhibit critical thinking?
a) an empirical approach
b) overconfidence
c) discerning hidden values
d) creativity - ANSWER B
14. The tendency to perceive order in random events often leads to overestimating
the value of
a) intuition.
b) critical thinking.
c) an empirical approach.
d) humility. - ANSWER A
15. On a series of coin tosses, Oleg has correctly predicted heads or tails seven
times in a row. In this instance, we can reasonably conclude that Oleg's predictive
accuracy
a) defies the laws of statistical probability.
b) illustrates hindsight bias.
c) is inconsistent with an empirical approach.
d) is a random and coincidental occurrence. - ANSWER D
16. Six of the children in Mr. Myer's class were born on exactly the same day. This
strikes him as astonishing and improbable. In this instance, he should be reminded
that
a) random sequences of events often don't look random.
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