HESI Pharmacology Evolve Questions and Answers
(Verified Answers)
1. A 19-year-old male client who has sustained a severe head injury is in-
tubated and placed on assisted mechanical ventilation. To facilitate optimal
ventilation and prevent the client from "fighting" the ventilator, the health
care provider administers pancuronium bromide IV, with adjunctive opioid
analgesia.What medication should be immediately accessible for a potential
complication with this drug?
A. Dantrolene sodium
B. Neostigmine bromide
C. Succinylcholine bromide
D. Epinephrine
ANS: B. Neostigmine bromide
Neostigmine bromide and atropine sulfate, both anticholinergic drugs, reverse the
respiratory muscle paralysis caused by pancuronium bromide. Options A, C, and D
are not antagonists to pancuronium bromide and would not be helpful in reversing
the effects of the drug compared with the use of anticholinergics.
,2. A client with viral influenza is receiving vitamin C, 1000 mg PO daily, and
acetaminophen elixir, 650 mg PO every 4 hours PRN. The nurse calls the
health care provider to report that the client has developed diarrhea. Which
change in prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
A. Change the acetaminophen to ibuprofen.
B. Change the elixir to an injectable route.
C. Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
D. Begin treatment with an antibiotic.
ANS: C. Decrease the dose of vitamin C.
3. When providing nursing care for a client receiving pyridostigmine bromide
for myasthenia gravis, which nursing intervention has the highest priority?
A. Monitor the client frequently for urinary retention.
B. Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
C. Monitor blood pressure each shift to screen for hypertension.
D. Administer most medications after meals to decrease gastrointestinal
irritation.
ANS: B. Assess respiratory status and breath sounds often.
4. A client with a dislocated shoulder is being prepared for a closed manual
reduction using conscious sedation. Which medication should the nurse
,explain as a sedative used during the procedure?
A.Inhaled nitrous oxide
B.Midazolam IV
C.Ketamine IM
D.Fentanyl and droperidol IM
ANS: B. Midazolam IV
5. A client is being discharged with a prescription for sulfasalazine to treat
ulcerative colitis. Which instruction should the nurse provide to this client
prior to discharge?
A. Maintain good oral hygiene.
B. Take the medication 30 minutes before a meal.
C. Discontinue use of the drug gradually.
D. Drink at least eight glasses of fluid a day.
ANS: D. Drink at least eight glasses offluid a day.
6. The health care provider prescribes carbamazepine for a child whose
tonic-clonic seizures have been poorly controlled. The nurse informs the
mother that the child must have blood tests every week.The mother asks why
so many blood tests are necessary. Which complication is assessed through
frequent laboratory testing that the nurse should explain to this mother?
A. Nephrotoxicity
, B. Ototoxicity
C. Myelosuppression
D.Hepatotoxicity
ANS: C. Myelosuppression
Myelosuppression is the highest priority complication that can potentially affect
clients managed with carbamazepine therapy. The client requires close monitoring
for this condition by weekly laboratory testing. Hepatic function may be altered, but
this complication does not have as great a potential for occurrence as option C.
Options A and B are not typical complications of carbamazepine therapy.
7. When developing a written nursing care plan for a client receiving
chemotherapy for treatment of cancer, the nurse writes, "Assess each void-
ing for hematuria." The administration of which type of chemotherapeutic
agent would prompt the nurse to add this intervention?
A. Vincristine
B. Bleomycin sulfate
C. Chlorambucil
D. Cyclophosphamide
ANS: D. Cyclophosphamide
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