Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug Regulation, Actions, and Response
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Understanding Pharmacology Essentials for Medicat
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Understanding Pharmacology Essentials For Medicat
Understanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and ResponseUnderstanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and ResponseUnderstanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter ...
Understanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and Response
Adbsorption - ANSWER-Movement of a drug from the outside of the body into the bloodstream
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Buccal
Advantages: - ANSWER-Less invasive/obtrusive
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Buccal
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Effect is reduced when patient eats or drinks
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Enteral
Advantages: - ANSWER-Convenient
High patient acceptance
Least expensive route because drugs need only to be clean, not sterile
Large surface area for absorption
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Enteral
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Can cause gastrointestinal disturbance
First-pass loss
Can bind to other substances in the tract and not get absorbed
Absorption dependent on motility; has great individual variation
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Parenteral
,Understanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and Response
Advantages: - ANSWER-Speed
100% bioavailability
Decreased first-pass loss
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Parenteral
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Speed
Invasive Administration
Increased cost because drugs need to be sterile rather than just clean
Discomfort
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Percutaneous
Advantages: - ANSWER-Convenient
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Percutaneous
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Absorption dependent on circulation
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Rectal
Advantages: - ANSWER-Usually painless
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Rectal
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Embarrassing
,Understanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and Response
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Sublingual
Advantages: - ANSWER-Less invasive
Rapid absorption
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Sublingual
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Effect is reduced when patient eats or drinks
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Advantages and Disadvantages of Drug Entry Routes pg 12
Route: Transdermal
Disadvantages: - ANSWER-Absorption less predictable
Can lead to skin break down
Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) - ANSWER-Same as Adverse Effect
Adverse Effect - ANSWER-A drug effect that is more severe than expected and has the potential to
damage tissue or cause serious health problems.
It may also be called a toxic effect or toxicity and usually requires intervention by the prescriber
Agonist - ANSWER-An extrinsic drug that activates the receptor site of a cell and mimics the actions of
naturally occurring body substances (intrinsic drugs)
Allergic Response - ANSWER-Type of adverse effect in which the presence of the drug stimulates the
release of histamine and other body chemicals that cause inflammatory reactions.
, Understanding Pharmacology Essentials
for Medication Safety: Chapter 1: Drug
Regulation, Actions, and Response
The response may be as mild as a rash or as severe and life threatening as anaphylaxis
Antagonist - ANSWER-An extrinsic drug that blocks the receptor site of a cell, preventing the naturally
occuring body substance from binding to the receptor
Bioavailability - ANSWER-The percentage of a drug dose that actually reaches the blood
Black Box Warning - ANSWER-A notice that a drug may produce serious or even life-threatening effect in
some people in addition to its beneficial effects
Brand Name - ANSWER-A manufacturer-owned name of generic drug;
Also called "trade name" or "proprietary name"
Cardiopulmonary Health
Consideration for Older Adults pg 19
Many adults over the age of 70 years have some degree of heart failure and poor blood flow to the lover
and other body areas. This reduced blood flow both ______ drug effectiveness and ______ how well
drugs are distributed, metabolized, and eliminated - ANSWER-Decreases
Limits
Contraindication - ANSWER-A personal or health-related reason for not administering a specific drug to
a patient or a group of patients
Cytotoxic - ANSWER-Drug action that is intended to kill a cell or an organism
Distribution - ANSWER-(Drug Distribution)
The extent that a drug absorbed into the bloodstream spreads into the three body water compartments
Drug - ANSWER-Any small molecule that changes any body function by working at the chemical and cell
levels
Drug Interactions pg 22
Cimetidine (Tagamet) _______ the action of quinidine (Quinadure, Quinidex), _______ the risk for
adverse effects - ANSWER-Enhances
Increasing
Drug Interactions pg 22
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