Samuel Merritt University N136 Managing Care of Adults 2
Lewis - Chapter 16: Cancer Questions With Complete
Solutions
A patient who is scheduled for a right breast biopsy asks the
nurse the difference between a benign tumor and a malignant
tumor. Which answer by the nurse is correct?
a. "Benign tumors do not cause damage to other tissues."
b. "Benign tumors are likely to recur in the same location."
c. "Malignant tumors may spread to other tissues or organs."
d. "Malignant cells reproduce more rapidly than normal cells."
Correct Answers ANS: C
...... ......
The major difference between benign and malignant tumors is
that malignant tumors invade adjacent tissues and spread to
distant tissues and benign tumors never metastasize. The other
statements are inaccurate. Both types of tumors may cause
damage to adjacent tissues. Malignant cells do not reproduce
more rapidly than normal cells. Benign tumors do not usually
recur.
The nurse is caring for a patient receiving intravesical bladder
chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor for which adverse
effect?
a. Nausea
b. Alopecia
c. Mucositis
d. Hematuria Correct Answers ANS: D
...... ......
The adverse effects of intravesical chemotherapy are confined to
the bladder. The other adverse effects are associated with
systemic chemotherapy.
,The nurse is caring for a patient who smokes 2 packs/day. To
reduce the patient's risk of lung cancer, which action by the
nurse is best?
a. Teach the patient about the seven warning signs of cancer.
b. Plan to monitor the patient's carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA)
level.
c. Discuss the risks associated with cigarettes during every
patient encounter.
d. Teach the patient about the use of annual chest x-rays for lung
cancer screening. Correct Answers ANS: C
...... ......
Teaching about the risks associated with cigarette smoking is
recommended at every patient encounter because cigarette
smoking is associated with multiple health problems. A tumor
must be at least 0.5 cm large before it is detectable by current
screening methods and may already have metastasized by that
time. Oncofetal antigens such as CEA may be used to monitor
therapy or detect tumor reoccurrence, but are not helpful in
screening for cancer. The seven warning signs of cancer are
actually associated with fairly advanced disease
The nurse should include which food choice when providing
dietary teaching for a patient scheduled to receive external beam
radiation for abdominal cancer?
a. Fresh fruit salad
b. Roasted chicken
c. Whole wheat toast
d. Cream of potato soup Correct Answers ANS: B
...... .... ..
To minimize the diarrhea that is commonly associated with
bowel radiation, the patient should avoid foods high in
roughage, such as fruits and whole grains. Lactose intolerance
,may develop secondary to radiation, so dairy products should
also be avoided.
During a routine health examination, a 40-year-old patient tells
the nurse about a family history of colon cancer. Which action
should the nurse take next?
a. Teach the patient about the need for a colonoscopy at age 50.
b. Teach the patient how to do home testing for fecal occult
blood.
c. Obtain more information from the patient about the family
history.
d. Schedule a sigmoidoscopy to provide baseline data about the
patient. Correct Answers ANS: C
...... .... ..
The patient may be at increased risk for colon cancer, but the
nurse's first action should be further assessment. The other
actions may be appropriate, depending on the information that is
obtained from the patient with further questioning.
A patient who is diagnosed with cervical cancer that is classified
as Tis, N0, M0 asks the nurse what the letters and numbers
mean. Which response by the nurse is most appropriate?
a. "The cancer involves only the cervix."
b. "The cancer cells look almost like normal cells."
c. "Further testing is needed to determine the spread of the
cancer."
d. "It is difficult to determine the original site of the cervical
cancer." Correct Answers ANS: A
...... .... ..
Cancer in situ indicates that the cancer is localized to the cervix
and is not invasive at this time. Cell differentiation is not
indicated by clinical staging. Because the cancer is in situ, the
, origin is the cervix. Further testing is not indicated given that the
cancer has not spread.
The nurse teaches a patient who is scheduled for a prostate
needle biopsy about the procedure. Which statement, if made by
the patient, indicates that teaching was effective?
a. "The biopsy will remove the cancer in my prostate gland."
b. "The biopsy will determine how much longer I have to live."
c. "The biopsy will help decide the treatment for my enlarged
prostate."
d. "The biopsy will indicate whether the cancer has spread to
other organs." Correct Answers ANS: C
...... ......
A biopsy is used to determine whether the prostate enlargement
is benign or malignant, and determines the type of treatment that
will be needed. A biopsy does not give information about
metastasis, life expectancy, or the impact of cancer on the
patient's life.
The nurse teaches a postmenopausal patient with stage III breast
cancer about the expected outcomes of cancer treatment. Which
patient statement indicates that the teaching has been effective?
a. "After cancer has not recurred for 5 years, it is considered
cured."
b. "The cancer will be cured if the entire tumor is surgically
removed."
c. "Cancer is never considered cured, but the tumor can be
controlled with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation."
d. "I will need to have follow-up examinations for many years
after I have treatment before I can be considered cured." Correct
......
Answers ANS: D
.... ..
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