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Final for PLSI 552 Con Law Questions With Complete Solutions
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Final for PLSI 552 Con Law Questions With Complete Solutions
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Final for PLSI 552 Con Law Questions With CompleteSolutions
Schenck v. United States 249 U.S. 47 (1919) Correct Answers ......
[Anti-draft leaflets]
......
General Secretary of Socialist Party, mailed leaflets urging
resistance to the draft. Charged with violating Espionage Act.
Issue: Whether his actions are protected by the free speech
clause of the 1st Amendment?
Holding: No. Didn't actually interfere with the draft, but it was
during wartime. Can regulate speech if it creates a clear and
present danger.
"Clear and Present Danger" Test Correct Answers If the words
...... ... ...
used in circumstances and are of such a nature as to create a
clear and present danger that they will bring about the problems
the law is aimed to prevent.
Content + Context.
"Bad Tendency" Test Correct Answers Regulating speech on the
...... ......
potential, even remote, of harm resulting.
Do the words have a tendency to bring about evil consequences?
Gitlow v. New York 268 U.S. 652 (1925) Correct Answers
......
Socialist arrested for distributing a "left-wing manifesto,"
......
violating state's criminal anarchy law.
Issue: Whether the statute deprived the defendant of his liberty
of expression in violation of the due process clause.
,Holding: Yes, 1st applies to states by due process through 14th.
The Manifesto is the language of direct incitement and urging to
action.
Establishes test: a state may forbid speech and publication if
they have a tendency to result in action dangerous to public
security, even though such utterances create no clear and present
danger.
Preferred Freedoms Test Correct Answers The judiciary will
...... .... ..
apply special scrutiny to laws that appear to restrict freedom of
expression, especially as those laws related to the articulation of
unpopular political views.
Dennis v. United States, 341 U.S. 494 (1951) Correct Answers
......
11 leaders of Nat'l Board of the Communist Part were indicted
......
for violating the Smith Act (conspiring to teach/advocate the
overthrow of the gov. by force)
Issue: whether Smith Act's restrictions violate the 1st
Amendment?
Held: No, upheld conviction. Within power of Congress to
prohibit acts intended to overthrow gov. by force/violence.
Established Clear & Present Danger Test.
1st Amendment Correct Answers "Congress shall make no
...... ... ...
law...abridging thefreedom of speech, or of the press; or the
right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the
Government for a redress of grievances."
, "Clear and Probable Danger" Test Correct Answers Est. in
...... ......
Dennis v. United States (1951)
Absolute Freedoms Test Correct Answers Justice Douglas' view:
...... .... ..
Congress shall "make no law" means NO LAW.
Brandenburg v. Ohio, 395 U.S. 444 (1969) Correct Answers ......
[KKK Hate Speech]
......
KKK leader made a speech at a Klan rally; convicted under state
criminal syndicalism law.
Issue: whether state's law, prohibiting public speech advocating
illegal activities violate _______'s right to free speech?
H: Yes, violated. Created two-prong "Brandenburg test" to
evaluate speech acts. 1. Speech can be prohibited if it is directed
at inciting or producing imminent lawless action, and 2. it is
likely to incite or produce such action.
Brandenburg Test Correct Answers If the advocacy is directed to
...... ......
inciting or producing imminent
lawless action and is likely to incite or produce such action, the
State can prohibit the speech. [Current Test].
Free Speech Considerations Correct Answers Generally, the
...... ......
Court has taken the position that the degree of protection offered
by the First Amendment varies according to:
1.) Nature of the speech.
2.) Place where speech occurs.
3.) Interests the Government is pursuing.
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