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Urinalysis and Body Fluids Review Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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Urinalysis and Body Fluids Review Study Guide with Complete Solutions
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©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AMWEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- ( WV) : 26506
Urinalysis and Body Fluids Review Study Guide
with Complete Solutions
All of the following are considered normal functions of the kidney - ✔️✔️regulating body
hydration, elimination of nitrogenous wastes, regulating electrolyte balance
The approximate number of nephrons contained in each kidney is: - ✔️✔️1,000,000
The order of blood flow through the nephron is: - ✔️✔️afferent arteriole, efferent arteriole,
peritubular capillaries, vasa recta
The total renal blood flow is approximately: - ✔️✔️1200 mL/min
The total renal plasma flow is approximately - ✔️✔️600 mL/min
The glomerular filtrate is described as a: - ✔️✔️protein-free ultrafiltrate of plasma
Increased production of aldosterone causes: - ✔️✔️increased plasma sodium levels
The primary chemical affected by the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system is: -
✔️✔️sodium
The specific gravity of the glomerular ultrafiltrate is: - ✔️✔️1.01
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,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- ( WV) : 26506
All of the following are reabsorbed from the glomerular filtrate by active transport -
✔️✔️glucose, sodium and amino acids
For active transport to occur, a chemical: - ✔️✔️must combine with a carrier protein to
create electrochemical energy
Water is passively reabsorbed in all parts of the nephron except the: - ✔️✔️ascending
loop of Henle
Most of the sodium filtered by the glomerulus is reabsorbed in the: - ✔️✔️proximal
convoluted tubule
The enzyme renin is produced by the kidney: - ✔️✔️in response to low plasma sodium
levels
Concentration of the tubular filtrate by the countercurrent mechanism is dependent on
all of the following - ✔️✔️high salt concentration in the medulla, water-impermeable walls
of the ascending loop of Henle, reabsorption of sodium and chloride from the ascending
loop of Henle
The osmotic gradient of the medulla: - ✔️✔️affects sodium reabsorption in the proximal
convoluted tubule
Aldosterone regulates sodium reabsorption in the: - ✔️✔️distal convoluted tubule
Decreased production of vasopressin: - ✔️✔️produces a high urine volume
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,©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- ( WV) : 26506
Production of antidiuretic hormone is controlled by the: - ✔️✔️state of body hydration
Substances removed from the blood by tubular secretion include primarily: - ✔️✔️protein-
bound substances, hydrogen, and potassium
Kidneys with impaired production of ammonia will consistently produce urine with a: -
✔️✔️high pH
To enhance the excretion of hydrogen ions, ammonia is produced by the cells of the: -
✔️✔️distal convoluted tubule
To maintain the buffering capacity of the blood, hydrogen ions combine with: -
✔️✔️filtered bicarbonate ions
Clearance tests used to determine the glomerular filtration rate must measure
substances that are: - ✔️✔️neither reabsorbed or secreted by the tubules
Results for glomerular filtration tests are reported in: - ✔️✔️milliliters per minute
All of the following are endogenous clearance test substances - ✔️✔️urea, creatinine,
and beta 2 microglobulin
Performing a clearance test using radionucleotides - ✔️✔️eliminates the need to collect
urine, provides visualization of the filtration
If a substance is completely filtered by the glomerulus and then completely reabsorbed
by the tubules, the clearance of that substance will be: - ✔️✔️zero
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, ©PREP4EXAMS@2024 [REAL-EXAM-DUMPS] Saturday, August 3, 2024 7:34 AM
WEST VIRGINIA UNIVERSIRTY- ( WV) : 26506
The most routinely used laboratory method for measuring the glomerular filtration rate is
the: - ✔️✔️creatinine clearance
The most common error in measuring the glomerular filtration rate using the creatinine
clearance is: - ✔️✔️inaccurate timing of urine collection
All of the following could cause falsely decreased creatinine clearance results -
✔️✔️consumption of a heavy meat during urine collection, noncreatinine plasma
substances reacting in the chemical test, maintaining urine specimens at room
temperature
The body surface of the average person in square meters is: - ✔️✔️1.73
An additional calculation that may be required in the creatinine clearance is a correction
for: - ✔️✔️body size
Calculate the creatinine clearance for a patient of average size from the following data:
Urine volume: 720 mL for 12 hours, Urine creatinine: 120 mg/dL, Serum creatinine: 1.5
mg/dL - ✔️✔️80 mL/min
Performing a creatinine clearance is helpful for determining: - ✔️✔️the feasibility of
administering medications
John White donates one of his two healthy kidneys to his twin brother. His glomerular
filtration rate can be expected to: - ✔️✔️remain within a normal range
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